Chapter 19
Bartolomeu Dias
was a Portuguese mariner and explorer.
Ming Dynasty
(1368–1644). In recognition of China’s power, vassal states from Korea to Southeast Asia paid their Ming overlords regular tribute, which is a payment by one country to another to acknowledge its submission.
Qing (chihng) Dynasty.
They would rule for more than 260 years and expand China’s borders to include Taiwan
Tokugawa Shogunate
which would hold power until 1867. On his deathbed in 1616
Hernando Cortés
landed on the shores of Mexico.
Prince Henry
was a Portuguese prince who famously helped capture the North African city
Hongwu
A peasant’s son
Kangxi (kahng•shee),
became emperor in 1661 and ruled for some 60 years.
haiku
5-7-5-syllable, 3-line verse poetry.
conquistadors (conquerors).
Lured by rumors of vast lands filled with gold and silver, conquistadors carved out colonies in regions that would become Mexico, South America, and the United States
Vasco da Gama
began exploring the east African coast.
Yonglo
Hongwu’s death in 1398 led to a power struggle. His son
daimyo
became lords in a new kind of Japanese feudalism.
kabuki
Townspeople also attended a theater
Francisco Pizarro
marched a small force into South America. He conquered the Incan Empire,
Treaty of Tordesillas
in which they agreed to honor the line. The era of exploration and colonization was about to begin in earnest
Zheng He
A Chinese Muslim admiral
Oda Nobunaga
One, the brutal and ambitious
Christopher Columbus
an explorer
Atahualpa
near the city of Cajamarca. Atahualpa, who commanded a force of about 30,000, brought several thousand mostly unarmed men for the meeting.
Dutch East India Company
was richer and more powerful than England’s company. As a result, the Dutch eventually drove out the English and established their dominance over the region
Manchus
the people of that region
Toyotomi Hideyoshi
continued his fallen leader’s mission.
colonies
or lands that are controlled by another nation.
mestizo
or mixed Spanish and Native American—population.