19.1
Why did the government give railroads subsidies in the late 1800’s?
We needed to get the raw materials to the East and Midwest. They needed to move people.
What did the wild cattle become known as?
Longhorns
What is one way that Native Americans were different from European settlers?
Natives were farmers/hunters, they were nomadic and used buffalo as their primary source of many things.
Why did the price of the crops growing fall? (Think about supply and demand)
It kept falling due to increased supply and stable demand.
Transcontinental
go across the continent (Atlantic to Pacific)
What was life like in a “boomtown”?
Lawless, lively, violent, gambling, population mostly made up of men.
How much did a longhorn cost in Texas vs. in the Northeast?
Texas = $3.50 northeast = $40
In what year did the US government set up the Indian Peace Commission?
1867
What was the National Grange, and how did it help farmers?
A network of local groups of farmers. The National Grange helped farmers by giving representation and having a social group for them.
Long Drives
“drive” their cattle hundreds of miles to the railroads located in Missouri and later in Kansas, Nebraska, Colorado, and Wyoming
How did mining in the West help lead to the construction of railroads?
To move materials
How long did long drives take?
2-3 months
Was land on reservations good for hunting and fishing?
no
What successes did the Farmers’ Alliances movement have in the 1890 elections?
3 seats in the Senate, 6 governorships, 50 seats in the House of Representatives. Farmers’ Alliance leaders decided to turn the movement into a national political party
Vaqueros
Western cowhands of Hispanic background
How many acres were dedicated to building the railroad?
130,000,000
What kind of skills did cowhands use?
cowhands used Brought much of the language to ranching The word “ranch” comes from the Spanish word “rancho”, Civil War veterans or African Americans who moved West in search of a better life.
What did the Dawes Act call for?
for the breaking up reservations and ending Native Americans’ identification with a tribal group.
Was the Populist Party successful? (opinion - use proof from the slides to back up your response)
yes and because it earned an easier work week, private voting, and income tax
Homestead
earn ownership of land by settling on it
Where did the two sets of tracks meet?
Promontory Summit, Utah.
What type of women could claim land in the Great Plains?
Single women, or widowed women.
Were the Natives pleased with the land they received through the Dawes Act?
No, the land was too small, and couldn't farm as much, and just looking to sell now
Subsidy
money or goods given by a person or government to support a project that benefits the public
Sodbuster
Farmers on the Great Plains who adapted to the environment around them