Economy of the South
What was the South's economy based on?
Agriculture
What is the dramatic change in economies and cultures brought about by the use of machines to do work formerly done by hand?
The Industrial Revolution
What was the purpose in 1806, of Congress funding the construction of a National Road across the Appalachian Mountains?
The purpose of this highway was to connect the new western states with the East.
How did Southerners measure wealth?
Many Southerners in 1860 still measured wealth in terms of land and slaves.
By 1860, how many Northerners still lived on farms?
By 1860, 7 in 10 Northerners still lived on farms.
What is a large area of privately owned land where crops were grown through the labor of workers who lived on the land?
A plantation
By the 1830s, what did inventors in both the United States and Europe learn to use?
steam engines to power machinery
What did the Erie Canal provide?
The Erie Canal provided the first all-water link between farms on the Central Plains and East Coast cities.
Why did the South have little incentive to make progress economically and culturally?
As long as the slave economy could be preserved.
Why were Northern cities dirty?
Northern cities were often dirty because they lacked sewers and paved streets.
Who invented the Cotton Gin?
Eli Whitney
Why was the steam engine important to business people?
Business people could build factories anywhere, not just along rivers.
By 1860, how many miles of railroad was in the North? How many miles was in the South?
North-20,000 miles of railroad
South- 10,000 miles of railroad
How were girls in the South brought up?
Girls in the South were brought up to be housewives or hostesses.
How were free blacks in the North treated?
Although blacks in the North were free, they were not treated as equal to whites. In most states, they couldn’t vote, hold office, serve on juries, or attend which churches and schools.
By the 1860s what crop had the highest sales overseas?
Cotton
What did Eli Whitney show manufacturers?
Eli Whitney showed manufacturers how they could assemble products even more cheaply by making them from identical, interchangeable parts.
How did people and goods continue to move?
In the South, people and goods continued to move on rivers.
One in four owned even one slave.
Between 1845 and 1860 how many immigrants came to the United States?
Between 1845 and 1860, four million immigrants- most of them from Ireland and Germany-swelled the North’s population.
Between 1790 and 1850, the number of slaves in the South rose from 500,000 to how many?
More than 3 million.
What were the benefits of new inventions and manufacturing methods?
New inventions and manufacturing methods made goods cheaper and more plentiful.
Why did southerners oppose bills in Congress that would use federal funds for internal improvements?
They believed it would benefit the North more than the South.
What were the great majority of slaves in the South?
The great majority of African Americans in the South were slaves.
Why did some Americans not like the new immigrants?
Because they would accept low-paying wages, they took jobs away from native-born workers.