law aimed at combating air pollution, by charging the EPA with protecting and improving the quality of the nation's air
What is Clean Air Act of 1970?
100
organization contracted by individuals or insurance companies to provide health care for a yearly fee
What is Health Maintenance Organizations (HMO)?
100
tax by which the government takes the same share of income from everyone (percentage-wise)
What is proportional tax?
100
created both the social security program and a national assistance program for poor children, usually called AFDC
What is the Social Security Act of 1935?
100
increasing concentration of poverty among women, especially unmarried women and their children
What is feminization of poverty?
200
law requiring the federal government to protect all species listed as endangered
What is Endangered Species Act of 1973?
200
joint federal and state program that helps low-income individuals or families pay for the costs associated with long-term medical and custodial care
What is Medicaid?
200
tax by which the government takes a greater percentage of the income of the rich than of the poor
What is progressive tax?
200
The "bank account" into which social security contributions are "deposited" and used to pay out eligible recipients
What is the Social Security Trust Fund?
200
The "shares" of the national income earned by various groups
What is income distribution?
300
largest federal independent regulatory agency, created in 1970 to administer much of U.S. environmental protection policy
What is Environmental Protection Agency?
300
federal health insurance program for people who are 65 years or older, certain younger people with disabilities, and people with End-Stage Renal Disease
What is Medicare?
300
tax in which the burden falls relatively more heavily upon low income groups than upon wealthy tax payers
What is regressive tax?
300
government benefits that certain qualified individuals are entitled to by law, regardless of need
What are entitlements programs?
300
The amount of funds collected between any two points of time
What is income?
400
fund created by Congress in 1980 to clean up hazardous waste sites. Money for the fund comes from taxing chemical products
What is Superfund?
400
compulsory insurance program for all Americans that would have the government finance citizens medical care
What is national health insurance?
400
"negative income tax" that provides income to very poor individuals in lieu of charging them federal income taxes
What is earned income tax credit?
400
Policies that provide benefits to individuals, either through entitlements or means testing
What is social welfare policies?
400
A method used to count the number of poor people, it considers what a family must spend for an "austere" standard of living
What is the poverty line?
500
law intended to clean up the nation's rivers and lakes, by enabling regulation of point sources of pollution
What is Water Pollution Control Act of 1972?
500
once called "aid to families with dependent children" the new name for public assistance to needy families
What is Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF)