General Information
A brief History
Approach Change Overtime
Big Gems

Miscellaneous
100
State of complete physical, mental, and social well being... not merely the absence of disease

Health

100

First person to use term epidemic, and claimed that environment and lifestyle can be causes of illness 

Hippocrates

100

Global perspective and need to address international health issues 

Population Health (2000s) 

100
Actions that increase exposure to factors that produce disease or protect individuals from disease

Behavior

100

Moving from poorly balanced diets deficient in nutrients, calories, and proteins to diet of processed unhealthy foods 

Nutritional Transition

200

Science and art of preventing disease, prolonging life, and promoting health through organized efforts and informed choices... collective actions as a society to assure conditions

Public Health

200

Scientific method and anatomical study

Enlightenment (1650-1800)

200

Concept of social justice, controlling communicable diseases, John Snow's data collection and documentation before and after a disease outbreak, birth and death records

Hygiene Movement (1840-1870s)

200

Education, income, occupational status, and religion

Socioeconomic 

200
Discovery of penicillin, new era of medicine after WWII, expand of private and public healthcare and practice of medicine, cigarettes and cancer connectcion 

Medical Care System (1950s-1980s)

300

Focused on populations, emphasis on prevention and health promotion, ethics of public service

                    vs. 

Focused on individuals, emphasis on detection and treatment, ethics of personal service

Public health system vs. Medical care system

300

Quarantine, communicable disease, control practices

Middle Ages (476-1450)

300

Prohibition of things to promote health, quarantine and isolation from disease, misguided efforts (black plague)... James Lind and scurvy 

Health Protection (Antiquity-1830s)

300

access to and quality of medical care 

Medical care

300

Salus Popul: health of population should be supreme law, public taxation, plumbing, aqueducts

Roman Empire (23 BC-475 AD)

400

Different risks with different ages 

Life Cycle 


400

Sanitary awakening, occupational disease surveillance, vital statistics registration, disease outbreak investigation, healthcare delivery system, social determinants of disease

Industrial Revolution (1800-1950)

400

Individual responsibility for health and interventions at individual levels, behavioral changes (HIV/AIDS), mammograms (breast cancer), environmental movement

Health Promotion and Disease Prevention (1980s-2000)

400

Direct cause of disease

Infection

400

Approach 1: focuses on entire population and aims to reduce risk for everyone... assumes everyone is at some degree of risk

Approach 2: focuses on those with the highest probability of developing disease and aims at bringing risk down

Approach 1: Improving the average approach

Approach 2: High Risk Approach

500

Impact of falling childhood death rates and extended lifespan on size and age distributions of populations

Demographic Transition

500

Risk factor and surveillance, cohort studies, population screening, vaccination

Public Health Services (1950-1980)

500

American Public Health Association (1872), biological revolution, vitamins are important 

Contagion Control (1880-1940s)

500

Influences frequency and exposure, special ____ special diseases 

Geography 

500

Four Components of public health

1. Health Issues

2. Populations

3. Shared health concerns

4. Vulnerable populations