Definitions
A substance that contains both Hydrogen (H) and Carbon (C)
What is an organic compound
Form from atoms sharing or transferring their outermost (valence) electrons
What is a bond
Na + Cl → NaCl
What is synthesis reaction
Neutral pH level
Acidic pH level
Basic pH level
What is 7
What is 1-6
What is 8-14
Four major groups of organic compounds
What are carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, nucleic acids
Positive charged ion
Negative charged ion
What is a cation
What is an anion
The attraction of a cation and anion that completes their electron/ valence configuration
Ex: CaCl2
What is an ionic bond
NaCl → Na + Cl
What is decomposition
A proton donor
A proton acceptor
What is an acid
What is a base
The building blocks of protein
What are amino acids
Molecules that are attracted to water
Molecules that are “repelled” or “lack an attraction” to water
What is Hydrophilic
What is Hydrophobic
An unequal share of valence electrons
Ex: water
What is polar covalent bond
Four types of energy in reactions
What is potential, kinetic, mechanical, chemical
Condition where there is too much acid in the body
Condition where there is too much alkaline (base) in the body
What is acidosis
What is alkalosis
Three levels of complexity in Carbs
Monosaccharides- simples sugars
Disaccharides- two sugars
Polysaccharides- long chain of mono
Increases the rate of a chemical reaction
What is a catalyst
An equal sharing of valence electrons among equal electronegative atoms
Ex: O2
What is non-polar covalent bond
Enzyme in a chemical reaction
What is a protein catalyst that increases the rate of a chemical reaction
A chemical that resists changes in pH when either an acid or a base is added to a solution
What is a buffer
Three types of lipids and function
What is fat, steroids, phospholipids
Protection and major energy storage
The combination of all anabolic and catabolic reactions in the body
What is metabolism
Match the bond to the compound
Ex: N2, NaCl, HCl
What is
non-polar covalent, Ionic, polar covalent
Mitochondria uses oxygen to create ATP in this reaction
What is aerobic respiration
Formed by the reaction of an acid and a base
What is a salt
The building blocks of nucleic acids
What is
Cytosine, Adenine, Guanine, Thymine (DNA)
Cytosine, Adenine, Guanine, Uracil (RNA)