Atoms
Smallest unit of matter.
What is an atom?
This is the general term for any process that changes substances into new substances with different properties.
What is a chemical reaction?
Acidic solutions have pH values in this range.
What is 0 to 6? or below 7?
These are the basic building blocks of all proteins.
What are amino acids?
The monomer unit of proteins.
What are amino acids?
The Number of protons in an atom is known as.
What is Atomic number?
This is the name for the new substances made after a chemical reaction happens.
What are products?
pH of human blood.
What is 7.35-7.45?
This is the simplest level of protein structure: just the linear sequence of amino acids.
What is primary structure?
This molecule is the primary energy currency of the cell.
What is ATP?
The second electron shell can contain up to how many electrons.
What is 8 electrons?
Reactions that release energy (heat) to the surroundings are described by this term.
What is exothermic?
Any substance the removes hydrogen ions from a solution.
What is a base?
Molecules made up of amino acids held together by peptide bonds.
What are peptides?
These macromolecules are hydrophobic and function in long-term energy storage, cell membranes, and hormones examples: fats, oils, steroids.
What are lipids?
The mass number of an atom is equal to the total number of what,
What is protons and neutrons?
This is the minimum energy required to start a chemical reaction.
What is activation energy?
Compounds that stabilize pH by either removing or replacing hydrogen ions.
What are buffers?
A molecule that consists of two amino acids.
What is a dipeptide?
These are the four main classes of large biological molecules: carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and this one that stores genetic information.
What are nucleic acids?
Largest size of an atom.
What is 0.5 nanometers?
This reaction breaks down a polymer into monomers by adding water.
What is hydrolysis?
Each whole number change on the pH scale represents this factor difference in [H⁺] concentration.
What is 10?
When a protein loses its shape and function due to heat, pH change, or other factors, it has undergone this process.
What is denaturation?
This is the simplest type of carbohydrate; it cannot be broken down into smaller sugars.
What is a monosaccharide?