People
Wrote that, "Public speakers are likely to experience heart rate elevations excessive sweating, trembling, and gastrointestinal sensations"
Behnke & Carlile
common sense of discomfort in social situations
Trait-like CA
•Pick a topic you really care about
•Take time to fully prepare in advance
•Be optimistic and imagine a good speaking experience
To give a good speech
Fear of public speaking
Glossophobia
Wrote CA is defined as "an individual's level of fear or anxiety associated with either real or anticipated communication with. another person or persons"
McCroskey
based on specific audience characteristics
Audience based CA
•Take a breath pause and slow down
•Don’t worry that people know you are nervous
•Imagine your friends are in the audience
While in a speech
The making of a judgment about the amount, number, or value of something
Evaluation
Wrote that "Even well before the speech performance, level of anxiety influences motivation to prepare for the presentation."
Mitchell & Nelson
anxiety regarding certain settings
Context based CA
•5 4 3 2 1 method
•Guided meditation
•Boxed breathing
To handle coping
Standing out so as to be clearly visible
Conspicuous
Wrote that, "students who have a negative attitude toward their presentations are less motivated to prepare and present their speeches. Students high in communication apprehension spend more time preparing their speeches than their low CA counterparts."
Ayres
a mix of context CA and audience CA
Situational CA
•Temper feedback you receive from others with the beliefs and expectations you have set for yourself.
•Ask for feedback
•Take pride in your work
•Develop a plan to improve your next speech.
If you experience anxiety after the speech
The quality of being new, original, or unusual
Novetly