Sensory neurons recieve messages from the outside world through the senses and are sent to the CNS, motor neurons give messages from the CNS to the muscles, interneurons deliver messages to and from other neurons
100
Name all the lobes of the brain and generally tell me where they are located and what they do.
fontal-thinking, temporal-hearing, occipital-seeing, parietal-movement and senses
100
What does the cerebellum do and where is it located?
It regulates basic movement and sense of balance. It is located at the bottom of the brain.
100
What is a PET scan
They inject radioactive glucose into the blood stream and measure how much oxygen certain parts of the brain is using
100
What are genetics and heredity?
Genetics is looking at how your chromosomes affect your physical and behavioural characteristics
Heredity is the traits inherited from your parents
Name the two areas involved in language and explain what they do. What happens when they are damaged?
What is broca's area (speech production) and wernicke's area (speech comprehension)
200
Explain the peripheral system.
It sends messages to the CNS. Has 2 subsystems call somatic and autonomic
200
What are the advantages and disadvantages of of neurosurgery?
Advantage-can correct seizures, can remove tumors, can use on animals to learn about the brain
Disadvantages- irreversible, can hurt other parts of the brain, can make you act differently
200
What is genotype and phenotype?
Genotype-genetic make up of 23 pairs of chromosomes
phenotype-expression of chromosomes
300
When a neurotransmitter increases the firing in a cell it is called _____ when it deceases firing it is called ______
What is excitatory synapse, inhibitory synapse
300
Name a few things the left and right hemisphere are responsible for.
Left: language, logic, thought, complex motor behaviour
Right: recognizing faces, music, emotion
somewhat depends on handedness
What are EEGs and how can they help psychologists?
They measure brain waves with electrodes on the scalp. Psychologists can see if someone is having a seizure and what part of the brain is affected.
300
How do genes cause behaviour?
Genes cause proteins to be produced which cause physiological responses that then cause the actual behaviour.
400
Name a neurotransmitter and tell me what it does.
ACH-muscle movement
dopamine-arousal, pleasure, voluntary movement
serotonin-sleep, agression, pain
endorphins-mood, pain
400
What happens when the corpus callosum is cut? Why would this be done?
The left and right hemispheres do not communicate. This is done because of epileptic seizures.
400
What are the roles of the somatic and autonomic nervous systems?
Somatic transmits signals to and from the CNS, autonomic regulates organs and maintains homeostasis
400
How is electrical stimulation performed?
Electrode inserted into the brain to stimulate certain areas. electric current through the metal moves a part of the body or releases hormones, memories etc.
400
What is the nature vs nurture debate?
Are you more effected by your genetic make-up or the way you were raised.
500
Explain the pathway of an action potential
Action potential gets passed from previous neuron to the dendrites and goes down the axon. Depolarization of the presynaptic terminals opens calcium channels which triggers the release of neurotransmitters. Neurotransmitters bind to the postsynaptic membrane. Extra neurotransmitter absorbed back into cell.
500
Where are the sensory cortex and the motor cortex located in the brain?
The left hemisphere in the middle of the parietal lobe. The motor cortex is more forward than the sensory.
500
What is the endocrine system and what does it do?
Made up of glands that secrete hormones (ex. adrenalin) around the body and affect organs. Hypothalamus and pituitary glands control all other glands
500
How do MRI and CAT scans work
MRI-magnets pick up atom movements and send picture to computer
CAT- takes hundreds of X-rays and computer puts them together into a 3-d image
500
What are dominant and recessive genes? If your mom had blue eyes (bb) and your dad has brown eyes (Bb) how likely is it that you will have blue eyes?
Dominant genes show up in your phenotype. Recessive genes only show up if you only have recessive genes. You have 50% chance of having blue eyes.