Functional Groups
this functional group has a hydroxyl and a carbonyl on the same carbon
carboxyl
1 unit
monosaccharide
this is the basis of all fats
glycerol backbone with 1, 2, or 3 fatty acid tails
distinguishes amino acids from eachother
Residue
this is made by the beta cells in the pancreas
insulin
this functional group acts as a base by removing H+
amino
monosaccharides and disaccharides
simple sugars
no double bonds between carbons on the fatty acid tails
saturated fat
chain of amino acids created by a "peptide" bond
primary
this is released when blood sugar is low
glucagon
this functional group bond PO4 to carbon
phosphate
starches (_____ polysaccharides)
glucose alpha polysaccharides
these fats are liquid at room temperature
unsaturated fats
this structure grouping is created by hydrogen bonds between functional groups on the backbone
secondary
this occurs when your cells cannot take glucose from the bloodstream
diabetes
this functional group influences a protein's 3D shape
sulfhydryl
fibers
glucose beta polysaccharides
the conversion of an unsaturated fat into a saturated fat
hydrogenation
this structure group is the 3D shape
tertiary
this type of diabetes is insulin dependent
type 1
this functional group does not convey polarity
methyl
example of an insoluble fiber
outer covering of corn kernels
this lipid is the primary component of cell membranes
phospholipid
this structure group only applies to proteins make up of more than one polypeptide subunit
quarternary
type 2