Why Did Europe Expand?
Why were Europeans looking for a New Silk Road?
The original Silk Road was too dangerous. Bandits stole cargo or charged a high tax.
Who were the first First Nations group to have contact with the Europeans?
The Mi'kmaq
What are the 3 things that Acadians (French Settlers) did to survive?
Farm, Fish, and Hunt
The name of the new government in New France is what? How many main members does it have? What are their names?
The Sovereign Council. 3
The Governor, Intendant, and Bishop
Who was the first European explorer to come to the New World? Where did he land?
Christopher Columbus. He landed in the Caribbean.
What were some of the goods that Europeans were looking for in Asia? (Name 2)
Tea, Spices, Silk, Porcelain, Precious Gems/Jewels
Believed that they were building relationships and connections.
What did the Coureurs de Bois (Runners of the Woods) do?
They went deep into the wilderness to trade for furs with the First Nations then brought these furs back to the colony.
They also acted as guides and interpreters for the Europeans because they lived with First Nations and spoke their languages.
What was the role of the Bishop?
He was the head of the Church. Responsible for bringing priests and missionaries over to spread the Catholic faith to Indigenous peoples.
Who was the first French explorer? Where did he land?
Jacques Cartier. He landed in Newfoundland.
One of the reasons that Europe wanted to expand was for Religious reasons. Explain?
Protestants and Catholics believed that their religion was the true faith and wanted to spread their faith to different countries.
They were all killed by European diseases. They went extinct in 1829.
Two Coureurs de Bois, Radisson and Groseilliers, created a trading company. What was the company called?
Hudson's Bay Company
Who was in charge of the day-to-day activities, like building roads and shops?
The Intendant
Scurvy is the lack of Vitamin C because they didn't have enough fresh fruits and vegetables. The Haudenosaunee showed them the cure by boiling white cedar.
What were the 2 reasons that King Louis wanted a colony in New France
1. Access to furs (specifically beaver furs)
2. Resources to make him more powerful and build his military.
Which Indigenous peoples helped Jacques Cartier? What happened in this relationship?
The Haudenosaunee. Jacques Cartier kidnapped 10 of their members to bring back to Europe to show the King and they all died (and he lied about it).
What is the Seigneur system? What did that do to help grow New France's colony?
The social system where the King of France gave nobles land in New France. The nobles rented the land to farmers in exchange for part of their crops/a fee. This caused more French citizens to move to France.
What was the role of the Governor?
He was in charge of defence and creating allies
Samuel de Champlain is called the "Father of New France". Why? What did he do?
He created the permanent colony that became Quebec.
What is a Colony?
A territory of land/country controlled by another country.
Samuel de Champlain created alliance with many Indigenous groups. Which group were their biggest allies?
The Wendat
Why did the population in New France grow so slowly? (2 reasons)
The climate was too cold.
It was too hard to start a farm in the wilderness.
What was the name of the special order of missionaries who came to New France to spread Catholicism?
Jesuits
in 1605, Pierre de Monts created the first permanent French colony where?
Port Royal in the Bay of Fundy