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Mole Conversions
Electron Configurations
Nomenclature Naming
Physical and Chemical Properties
Atomic Structure
100
How many atoms are in 1 mole?
6.02x10^23 atoms 1 mole consists of 6.02x10^23 atoms, also called Avagadro's number. This number is so large due to the microscopic size of atoms that it is written in scientific notation.
100
How many valence electrons are in the element Arsenic (As)?
5 valence electrons Valence electrons are located on the very outer engery level of an atom and increase in number as you go left to right across the periods.They tell us how stable or unstable an element is by understanding how it will bond with other elements.
100
What is the nomenclature name of the following compound H(2)O?
Dihydrogen Monoxide The compound formed between hydrogen and oxgen is classified as covalent because it is composed of two non-metals. Because it is a covalent compound we must follow the rules of naming binary covalent compounds. These rules state that the prefix of the subscript on an element must be added to the name of the original element and adding "ide" to the end of the second element.
100
What is the difference between physical and chemical properties and changes?
Physical propeties are properties of an item that can be measured without causing chemical change or composition of the material. Such as color, height, weight, and texture. Chemical Properties are properties of an item that cause the material to undergo a chemical change. Such as flammability, reactivity or magnetism. Physical changes are a change that occurs to one of the physical properties while a chemical change is a change that occurs to one of the chemical properties.
100
Which of the two elements has the highest ionization energy in the following questions? 1. Mg or S 2. Cl or I
1. S 2. Cl One common trend found on the periodic table is ionization energy. Ionization energy is the amount of energy required to remove one electron from a nuetral atom. Ionization energy follows the pattern of increasing across a period left to right, and decreasing as you go down a group. Knowing this, sulfur is farther right then magnesium and chloride is higher up in group 17 then iodine.
200
1 mole of Bismuth (Bi) is how many grams?
208.9804 grams of Bismuth (show process of factor label method on board)
200
Which element's highest energy level ends in 2p^6?
Neon (Ne) In any given element it is possible to have a maximum of 7 energy levels with up to 4 sublevels within. The first sublevel in any energy level is "s" which holds up to 2 electrons. The second enegry level "p" can hold up to 6, "d" the third energy level can hold a maximum of10, and "f" the fourth energy level can hold up to 14 electrons.
200
What is the formula for the compound Lithium Sulfide?
Li(2)S Lithium sulfide is an ionic compound because it is formed between a metal and non-metal so we must follow the naming rules for binary ionic compounds. Because lithium is an "s" block element it has a consistent charge and we do not have to worry about denoting the charge by using a roman numeral. The first element ion gets the element name while the second element get's root name plus "ide" on ending. To then balance the charges of both elements we need two Lithium atoms of plus one charge and one Sulfur atom of negative two charge, creating the compound Li(2)S.
200
Is the following a physical or chemical change? -Wood burning
Chemical Anytime a substance is burning it is considered a chemical change. This substance is undergoes a change in composition being created into new elements.
200
Find the atomic number, atomic mass, number of protons, nuetrons, and electrons of the Nitrogen ion given the following information. N-15 with a charge of -3
Atomic number:7 Atomic mass: 15 Number of protons: 7 Number of nuetrons:8 Number of electrons:10 The atomic number is the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom, this number defines what element the atom is. The atomic mass is found by adding the number of protons plus the number of nuetrons in the nucleus of an atom. This number is called mass number because protons and nuetrons together determine the majority of the mass of an atom. The number of protons can be found by looking at the large number in the upper left hand corner of the element on the periodic table. The amount of nuetrons is found by subtracting the number of protons from the mass number. The number of electrons are determined by looking at the charge of an ion compared to the protons.
300
How many grams are in 3.50 moles of Lead (Pb)?
725 grams of Lead (show process of factor label method on board)
300
Given the following electron configuration, state the element 1s^2 2s^2 2p^6 3s^2 3p^6 4s^2?
Calcium (Ca) Because the element ends in energy level 4 we automatically know this element will be in period 4. We then must look at the sublevel in which it's last electrons are located to determine the exact element. Because the last sublevel is s^(2) we know this element is located in the "s" block and the second element over, which is Calcium.
300
What is the nomenclature name for the compound Mn(2)O(3)?
Manganese (II) Oxide This compound is considered ionic because it is formed between a metal and a non-metal. The same rules follow for naming an ionic compound, but because Manganese is a "d" block element we must denote the charge by using roman numerals. Oxgen has a charge of negative two so to balance this equation Manganese would have a postive charge of two, creating the formula Mn(2)O.
300
Is the following a physical or chemical change? -Ice melting
Physical Substances melting, freezing, condensating, or evaporating are physical changes, because the molecules are not changing into a new element.
300
The nucleus is composed of what subatomic particles?
Protons and nuetrons The protons and nuetrons of an atom are concentrated in the center of an atom called the nucleus. The nucleus contains the majority of the mass of an atom, called the atomic mass.
400
How many atoms are in a 13.75 gram sample of Copper (Cu)?
1.303x10^23 atoms (show process of factor label method on board)
400
What is the highest energy level of element Lead (Pb)?
6 We know that the highest energy level of lead is 6 by looking at the electron configuration. Lead ends in 6p^2 sublevel making the highest energy level 6.
400
Name the prefixes used for naming covalent compounds for the numbers 1-10.
1-mono 2-di 3-tri 4-tetra 5-penta 6-hexa 7-hepta 8-octo 9-nono 10-deca These commonly used prefixes are necessary to have memorized when naming covalent compounds.
400
Is the following a physical or chemical change? -Francium is dropped in a bucket of water and explodes.
Chemical The Francium is violently reacting with the water to form a new element and resulting in an explosion. Anytime a substance reacts with another it is a chemical change.
400
(1) As you move down a group in the periodic table the atomic radius_____. (2) As you move across a period in the periodic table from left to right atomic radius_____.
(1) Increases (2) Decreases One trend found on the periodic table is atomic radius. Atomic radius increases going down a group as electrons are being added to higher energy levels. This causes the protons in the nucleus to decrease the amount of pull they have on the outer energy levels, causing the radius to increase. Atomic radius however increases going across a period left to right as electrons are not being added to higher energy levels, causing extra positive charge and pull in the nucleus.
500
Determine the number of grams in 8.55x10^23 atoms of Vanadium (V)?
72.3 grams of Vanadium (show process of factor label method on board)
500
What is the electron configuration for Silver (Ag)?
1s^2 2s^2 2p^6 3s^2 3p^6 4s^2 3d^10 4p^6 5s^2 4d^9 The electron configuration of silver can be found by using either the Diagonal Rule chart or by simply looking at the placement of the element on the periodic table going across the periods. One way to check your answer is to go back and add up the number of electrons on each of the sublevels for the element and this number should equal the atomic number, or number of protons in the element.
500
Give the formula of the compound Ammonium Acetate.
NH(4)CH(3)COO This is a non-binary compound because it contains two polyatomic ions therefore is considered ionic. Ammonium has a charge of negative one while acetate has a charge of positive one so no additional molecules are needed to balance the compound.
500
Is the following a physical or chemical property? -salt dissolving in water?
Physical Salt dissolving in water is a physical change because the molecules are not forming a new element. The salt water can be seperated back into salt and water through the process of evaporation which is a physical change therefore the salt dissolving is also a physical change.
500
Which scientist is credited for discovering the nucleus?
Ernest Rutherford Rutherford devised an experiment using gold and positively charged alpha particles. Some of the particles, against his hypothesis, were deflected slightly and occasionally one of the particles would hit the sheet of gold and bounce straight back at the source. His conclusion and explanation for this was that there must be tiny places containing lots of charge and mass, what we now call the nucleus.