Show:
Properties of Rocks and Minerals
Igneous Rocks
Metamorphic Rocks
Sedimentary Rocks
The Rock Cycle
100
The hardest known mineral.
What is a diamond.
100
An igneous rock that is formed from lava.
What is an extrusive rock.
100
How do geologists classify metamorphic rocks?
What is according to the arrangement of the grains making up the rocks.
100
The small particles or rock or the remains of living things that make up sedimentary rocks.
What is sediment.
100
Define the rock cycle.
What is a series of processes that occur on Earth's surface in the crust and mantle that slowly change rocks from one types into another type.
200
The look and feel of a rock's surface.
What is texture.
200
What three characteristics are used to classify igneous rocks.
What is origin, mineral composition, and texture.
200
What about the rock changes when great heat and pressure are applied?
What is its shape and composition.
200
Of the three groups of sedimentary rock, one that forms where the remains of plants and animals are deposited.
What is organic rock.
200
Explain how material is conserved within the rock cycle.
What is despite constructive/destructive forces building up and destroying Earth's landmasses, rocks in Earth's crust that move through the rock cycle are not lost or gained.
300
The property of a mineral in which you can split it along flat surfaces is known as ___________, and the term used to describe how light is reflected from a mineral's surface is ____________.
What is cleavage, luster.
300
______________ is a light colored rock that has a high silica content.
What is granite.
300
Define foliated rock.
What is metamorphic rocks that have their grains arranged either in parallel layers or bands.
300
A sedimentary rock made up of rock fragments with rounded edges is called ________________.
What is conglomerate
300
Describe one pathway through the rock cycle in which igneous rock can become metamorphic rock.
What is igneous rock can undergo high temperature and pressure to turn into metamorphic rock.
400
List both an advantage and a disadvantage to using color to identify a mineral.
What is color is an easily observed property (advantage), but many minerals occur in a variety of colors so color is not always the best indication of what the mineral is (disadvantage.
400
Compare and contrast extrusive and intrusive rock.
What is extrusive forms from lava that erupted onto Earth's surface versus intrusive which forms when magma hardens beneath the surface of Earth; both are igneous rocks
400
Define nonfoliated rock and give an example.
What is metamorphic rock, for example marble, in which grains are arranged randomly.
400
The process by which sediment settles out of the water or wind carrying it is ______________, whereas _____________ refers to the process in which layers of sediment are pressed together.
What is deposition, compaction.
400
Describe a pathway through the rock cycle in which magma becomes sedimentary rock.
What is magma cool and hardens to become igneous rock, which erodes to become sediment.
500
Describe what geologists do to determine the mineral composition of a rock.
What is (1) examine it to determine crystal shape/size, (2) test the rock with a magnet to see if it contains magnetic metals, (3) place acid on the surface to see if the rock includes minerals that contain compounds called carbonates
500
Describe how igneous rocks form and what they have been used for historically.
What is forms from cooling of magma or lava, and has been used for tools and building materials.
500
Describe how metamorphic rocks form and what they have been used for historically.
What is forms from another rock as a result of changes in heat or pressure, and has been used for building and sculpture.
500
Describe how sedimentary rocks form and what they have been used for historically.
What is forms (in layers) when small particles of rocks or the remains of plants/animals are pressed and cemented together, and they have been used for tools and building materials.
500
What step in the rock cycle creates the sediment from which sedimentary rock is formed?
What is erosion of igneous and metamorphic (as well as other sedimentary rocks) provides some of the sediment from which sedimentary rocks form.