Vocabulary
large landmass that rises above an ocean
What is continent
a mountain or hill, typically conical, having a crater or vent through which lava, rock fragments, hot vapor, and gas are being or have been erupted from the earth's crust.
What is a volcano
Uppermost layer of the Earth
deep cut in the ocean floor
What is trench
pattern of weather that takes place in an area over many years
What is climate
hot melted rock inside the Earth that flows to the surface when a volcano erupts
What is magma
A severe tropical cyclone originating in the equatorial regions of the Atlantic Ocean or Caribbean Sea whose winds are greater than 74 miles per hour according to the Beaufort scale.
What is a hurricane
densest and hottest layer of the Earth
made of solid iron and nickel
What is the inner core
process by which weathered bits of rock are moved elsewhere by water,wind, or ice
What is erosion
The continuous circulation of water among the atmosphere, the oceans, and the earth.
What is the hydrologic cycle
plateau off of a continent that lies under the ocean and stretches for several miles
What is continental shelf
sudden and violent movement of the Earth's crust that shakes the land, and can cause great damage
What is an earthquake
area at the center of the Earth, which includes a solid inner core and a hot liquid outer core
What is core
process in which rock is broken into smaller pieces by water and ice,chemicals, or even plants
What is weathering
part of the water cycle; process by which water falls to the Earth as, for example, rain or snow
What is precipitation
crack in the Earth's crust where two tectonic plates meet; prone to earthquakes
What is fault
A series of gravity waves caused by the large scale displacement of the entire water column of the ocean
What is a tsunami
Earth's thickest layer, found between the core and the crust
What is mantle
water that filters through the soil into the ground
What is groundwater
This type of climate consists of hot summers; mild to cold winters
What is semiarid
scientific theory that explains how processes within the Earth form continents and cause their movement
What is plate tectonics
a large volcanic crater, typically one formed by a major eruption leading to the collapse of the mouth of the volcano.
What is a caldera
is the liquid layer of the Earth's core
made of the metals iron and nickel-
lies beneath the mantle and surrounds the inner core
What is the outer core
underground layer of rock through which water flows
What is aquifer
This type of climate consists of cold summers and very cold winters
What is tundra