The e- in the outermost energy level or an atom are called __?__; these e- determine the __?__ of the atom.
valence e-; properties
100
The most important inorganic molecule is __?__
water
100
The type of bonding in which e- are transferred from one atom to another
ionic
100
Carbon is a very unique element. It has __?__ unpaired valence electrons.
4
200
In the nucleus of an atom you find ___?__ while __?__ are found orbiting the nucleus
protons and neutrons; electrons
200
These four elements make up 96% of the mass of a human body:
carbon, oxygen, nitrogen, hydrogen
200
The property of water that causes water molecules to be attracted to other water molecules: __?__
The property of water that causes water molecules to be attracted to other substances (like xylem or glass): __?__
cohesion; adhesion
200
Elements on the left side of the periodic table are _______.
a. nonmetals
b. metalloids
c. metals
d. compounds
metals
200
Which of the following is a compound?
a. water
b. salad dressing
c. neon
d. gold
water
300
Atoms that gain or lose e- are called __?__;
ions
300
Which group on the periodic table is known as the halogens?
a. group 8A
b. group 7A
c. group 2A
d. group 1A
8A
300
Water resists changes in temperature. It takes a long time for it to heat up and a long time for it to cool down. This is because the energy is stored up in the hydrogen bonds. The term that describes this property is __?__
high specific heat
300
The pH scale ranges from _?_ to _?_. Each step up (or down) the scale is a 10-fold difference in the number of __?__ ions in the solution. Acids have a pH of __?__ while bases have a pH of __?__. Neutral = _?_
0-14; H+; <7; >7; 7
300
Carbon has an atomic # of 6 and an atomic mass of 12 so it has _____ protons and _____ neutrons.
6, 6
400
Atoms are neutral (have no charge) because the # of __?__ = the # of _____
p+, e-
400
An atom with the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons is called a(n):_?__
isotope
400
The oxygen and hydrogen in water share their electrons unequally. This makes water a __?__ molecule and results in __?__ bonds between water molecules.
polar, Hydrogen
400
Soap works by breaking the hydrogen bonds in water. It does this because it has a non-polar side and a polar side. The __?__ side is attracted to fats and oils while the __?__ side is attracted to water
non-polar; polar
400
Carbon-14 is a(n) ____________ and has _____ protons and ___________ neutrons.
isomer, 6, 8
500
The number of __?__ determines the element; this number has the formal name of __?__
p+; Atomic Number
500
Compounds are elements that are _________ __________ together in specific ratios.
chemically bonded
500
The memory device used to determine if one substance will dissolve in another is: __?__
This means that _?_ dissolves polar and __?__ dissolves non-polar.
"Like dissolves like"; polar; non-polar
500
Substances that resist a change in pH are called _?__.
Buffers
500
In the following chemical reaction, how do you classify hydrogen and oxygen?
2H2 + O2 → 2H2O