vocab words
the language, beliefs, values, norms, behaviors, and even material objects that are passed from one generation to the next
what is culture
language, beliefs, values, norms, and behaviors are examples of
what is culture
developed the concept ethnocentrism
who is William Sumner
sociologists use this term to describe those expectations that develop out of a groups values
what is norms
refers to the reactions people receive following a norm
what is sanction
material objects that distinguish a group of people, such as their art, hairstyles, clothing, etc.
what is material culture
peoples art, buildings, machines, hairstyles, clothing, and jewelry are examples of
what is material culture
suggested that we develop a scale for evaluating cultures on their "quality of life", much as we do for U.S. cities
who is Robert Edgerton
norms that have great moral significance
what is mores
expresses approval for following a norm
what is positive sanction
something to which people attach meanings and then use to communicate with others
what is symbols
an individual immigrates to a new country and experience unfamiliar norms in custom, dress, food, and mores
what is culture shock
developed the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis
who is Edward Sapir and Benjamin Whorf
norms that are not strictly enforced
what is folkways
reflects disapproval for breaking a norm
what is negative sanction
the confusion people experience when they come in contact with a different culture and can no longer depend on their assumptions about life
what is culture shock
Shake hands when you meet someone, make direct eye contact with the person you are speaking with, and do not stand close enough to a stranger to touch arms or hips.
what is norms
coined the term cultural lag
who is William Ogburn
Do not kill people and you cannot yell fire in a crowded theater is what type of norm
what is mores
the north american middle finger gesture is what type of sanction
what is negative
a group's ways of thinking and doing
what is nonmaterial culture
patriotism, respect for human dignity, rationality, sacrifice, individuality, equality, democracy
what is values
Found that although some activities are present in all cultures, the specific customs differ from one group to another
who is George Murdock
Not wearing socks with dress shoes, wearing hats inside buildings, or not wearing underclothes is what type of norm
what is folkways
a high five is what type of sanction
what is positive