🌎 CULTURAL HEARTHS
A place where important new ideas, practices, and technologies develop.
Cultural hearth
The practice of growing crops and raising animals for food.
Agriculture
A society with a highly developed culture and technology.
Civilization
The belief in and worship of one or more gods or goddesses.
Religion
Professional writers who recorded important information.
Scribes
One of the world's oldest permanent settlements, located in present-day Turkey.
Çatalhöyük
Extra food produced beyond what a community immediately needs.
Food surplus
Large population centers that served as political, economic, and cultural centers.
Cities
A place of worship.
Temple
The civilization trait involving organizing and preserving important information.
Record keeping
The cultural hearth in present-day Mexico where an important crop was developed.
Oaxaca
The important crop developed in Oaxaca that could produce large amounts of food in a relatively small space.
Maize
Organizations such as governments and religions that helped societies function.
Complex institutions
The ancient site known as an early place of worship.
Göbekli Tepe
The science of obtaining and preparing metals for use.
Metallurgy
The cultural hearth in Egypt that developed near the Nile River.
Faiyum
The wild grass from which maize was developed.
Teosinte
People who performed jobs other than farming.
Specialized workers
Large structures built for specific purposes.
Monumental architecture
The development of metallurgy allowed people to make these stronger and more complex.
Tools
The cultural hearth associated with early farming along China's Huang He River.
Banpo
The Chinese culture that developed trade networks and was different from the earlier Yangshao culture.
Longshan culture
The five major characteristics used to identify a civilization.
Cities, complex institutions, specialized workers, record keeping, and improved technology
These types of buildings were at the heart of cities in early civilizations.
Temples and other religious buildings
The civilization trait involving the development of new and better tools and methods.
Improved technology