People
A mathmatician who created calculus and the law of universal gravitation
Who was Isaac Newton?
This law states that for every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction.
What is Newton's 3rd Law of Motion?
According to Kepler’s First Law, the Sun is located at one of these two points within a planet’s elliptical orbit.
What is a focus?
The total amount of matter contained within an object
What is mass?
Backward, westward loop traced out by a planet with respect to the fixed stars
What is Retrograde motion?
An Italian Astronomer who used a new telescope design to first observe Jupiters moons, Saturns rings, and sunspots
Who was Galileo?
This law states that an object in motion stays in motion unless acted on by an external force
What is Newton's 1st Law of Motion?
Kepler's First Law states that planets move in this shape of orbit around the Sun.
What is an ellipse?
Action on an object that causes its momentum to change
What is force?
The average distance of Earth from the Sun
What is an Astronomical Unit?
A Polish Astronomer and Mathematician who challenged the Ptolmaic model by publishing "On the Revolutions of the Heavenly Spheres"
Who was Copernicus?
The formula F = MA represents this law of motion.
What is Newton's 2nd Law of Motion?
According to Kepler’s Second Law, a planet moves fastest in its orbit when it is at this point, closest to the Sun.
What is perihelion?
Displacement per unit of time
What is velocity?
The speed required to escape a body’s gravitational pull
What is escape speed?
A German astronomer who developed the 3 laws of planetary motion. He first suggested that planets orbit in an ellipse rather than a circle.
Who was Kepler?
The speed required to break free from a planet’s gravitational pull is called what?
What is escape speed?
Kepler’s Second Law explains why planets spend more time in this part of their orbit, farthest from the Sun.
What is aphelion?
The attractive effect that any massive object has on all other massive objects
What is gravity?
The realization that Earth is not the center of the universe
What is The Copernican Revolution?
An Egyptian mathematician who's geocentric model described in his book the "Almagest" helped catapult astronomy to new academic interests. He inspired mathematicians and new astronomers to study the stars.
Who was Ptolemy?
The force of a 2kg object that is accelerating at 6m/s/s
What is 12N?
Kepler’s Third Law demonstrates that a planet’s orbital period increases as its _____________ increases.
What is its distance from the Sun?
The rate of change of velocity of a moving object
What is acceleration?
List all 8 planets in the solar system in order