A
a form of government in which power rests with the citizens, who vote in order to elect leaders.
republic
the first emperor of Rome, who ruled from 27 B.C. to A.D. 14 and greatly expanded the size and influence of the Roman Empire.
Augustus
a group of different cultures or territories led by a single all-powerful ruler.
empire
the ruler of an empire.
emperor
a religion based on the life and teachings of Jesus.
Christianity
the Roman Emperor from A.D. 306 to 337, who ended the persecution of Christians and moved the capital of the empire to Byzantium (later known as Constantinople).
Constantine
a leader of the Franks, who conquered the Roman province of Gaul in A.D. 486 and later established a large and powerful Frankish kingdom.
Clovis
the Eastern Roman Empire, which was ruled from Constantinople and from the 4th century to the 15th century.
Byzantine Empire
Justinian
a legal code, prepared under the direction of the Byzantine emperor Justinian, that regulated much of Byzantine life.
an official split between two groups.
schism
relating to the Christian church of the west that is under the authority of the pope.
Roman Catholic
relating to the Christian church that developed in the Byzantine Empire and is not under the authority of the pope.
Orthodox
a picture made out of small colored tiles or pieces of glass.
mosaic
a Greek philosophy that stressed the importance of virtue, duty, and endurance and was especially influential in ancient Rome.
Stoicism
a structure designed to bring fresh water into a city or town.
aqueduct