Mesopotamia & the Bronze Age
These two rivers supported the development of Mesopotamian civilization.
What are the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers?
This river provided Egypt with water, fertile soil, and transportation.
What is the Nile River?
These expert sailors and merchants came from coastal cities such as Tyre, Sidon, and Byblos.
Who were the Phoenicians?
This term means belief in one God.
What is monotheism?
This Persian ruler permitted Jewish exiles to return to Jerusalem and rebuild the Temple.
Who was Cyrus the Great?
These large temple towers stood at the center of Sumerian city life.
What are ziggurats?
Egyptians used this process to preserve bodies because of their beliefs about the afterlife.
What is mummification?
The Philistines were especially associated with working this metal to make tools and weapons.
What is iron?
According to the biblical account, this leader received the Law at Mount Sinai.
Who was Moses?
These provinces helped Persian kings govern their large empire.
What were satrapies?
Sumerians used this writing system to record trade, laws, and stories on clay tablets.
What is cuneiform?
This discovery helped modern scholars decipher Egyptian hieroglyphics.
What is the Rosetta Stone?
This language of the Arameans remained widely used even after their political power declined.
What is Aramaic?
This king made Jerusalem his capital and established a strong kingdom.
Who was David?
This major Persian route strengthened trade, communication, and military movement.
What was the Royal Road?
This king of Akkad conquered several city-states and created a larger empire.
Who was Sargon?
This period became Egypt’s “Age of Empire” as its rulers expanded into Nubia and the Fertile Crescent.
What is the New Kingdom?
The Hittite Empire developed in this region, located in modern-day Turkey.
What is Anatolia?
After Solomon’s death, the kingdom divided into these northern and southern kingdoms.
What are Israel in the north and Judah in the south?
This term describes the scattering of a people outside their ancestral homeland, including Jewish communities outside Israel.
What is Diaspora?
This Sumerian mathematical system still influences the way we measure minutes, seconds, and angles.
What is the base-60 number system?
This pharaoh promoted worship of Aten and attempted major religious changes.
Who was Akhenaten?
The Greeks adapted Phoenician writing by adding symbols for these sounds.
What are vowels?
These four stages form the repeated cycle described in the book of Judges.
What are idolatry, oppression, repentance, and deliverance?
According to the biblical account, this leader directed the rebuilding of Jerusalem’s walls during Persian rule.
Who was Nehemiah?