Gov't
What was the government system that was led by a single ruler?
Monarchy
The Hundred Years' War permanently separated England from this country.
France
English document of 1215 that is considered to have laid the foundation for the individual rights of citizens
Magna Carta
A self-supporting estate during the Middle Ages
Manor
_____ and their fleas have been blamed for the spread of the bacteria that caused the Black Death.
Feudalism weakened as more people in Europe moved to these things.
Towns/cities
New weapon that gave the English an advantage in the Hundred Years' War
Long bow
Rules and expectations for knights
Chivalry
The musical innovation that Leonin and Perotin introduced.
Harmony
The use of yellow badges as identification for _____________ people originated in the Middle Ages
Jewish (people)
A group of local citizens who accused criminals
Jury
In 1095, Pope Urban II called for this things to liberate the Holy Land.
Crusade
This king created a legal system under which judges heard cases in particular provinces called circuit courts.
Henry II
The number of knights that could attack a single knight according to the code of chivalry
Only one
The peasant girl that the French looked to for leadership to defeat the English in the Hundred Years' War
Joan of Arc
Uniform laws for all of England
Common law
A legal document listing the privileges of the townspeople
Charter
Started the use of bailiffs
Phillip II
In Charlemagne's empire, these things were places for education and the preservation of written works.
Monasteries
Claimed supreme authority over church and state (not a king).
Pope Innocent III
French official who collected taxes and attempted to ensure justice
Bailiff
The European kingdom where dukes elected a king from among themselves
Holy Roman Empire
Charlemagne divided his empire into _____ to help increase central authority and maintain peace.
Districts
This architecture can be characterized by (1) flying buttresses, (2) high ceilings, and (3) warmth and brightness
Gothic
Laid the foundations for a strong monarchy in England
William the Conqueror