Perm Wraps
Most common type of perm rod, they have a smaller diameter in the center that increases to a larger diameter on the ends.
What are concave rods?
Advertised and sold as no-lye relaxers. Contains two components that must be mixed immediately prior to use.
What are guanidine hydroxide relaxers?
Modern acid waves, permanent waves that have a 70.0 or neutral pH
What are acid-balanced waves?
Long, coiled polypeptide chains.
What are keratin proteins?
Wrapped from the ends to the scalp in overlapping concentric layers.
What is a croquignole perm warp?
Usually about 12 inches long with a uniform diameter along the entire length of the rod.
What are soft bender rods?
Commonly called lye relaxers; oldest and most common types of chemical hair relaxer.
What are sodium hydroxide relaxers?
Also known as cold wave; they have a pH between 9.0 and 9.6. Ammonium thioglycolate is the reducing agent and it processes at room temperature.
What are alkaline waves?
Long chains of amino acids joined together by peptide bonds.
What are polypeptide chains?
Hair is wrapped at an angle other than perpendicular to the length of the rod which causes the hair to spiral along the length of the rod.
Equal in diameter along their entire length or curling area.
What are straight rods?
Not compatible with thio relaxers, permanent waving, or soft curl perms due to the difference in chemistry.
What are hydroxide relaxers?
Main active ingredient in true acid and acid-balanced waving lotions.
What is glyceryl monothioglycolate?
Compounds made up of carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen, and sulfur.
What are amino acids?
Also known as piggyback wrap; hair is wrapped on one rod from the scalp to midway down the hair shaft and another rod is used to wrap the remaining hair stand in the same direction.
What is a double-rod wrap?
Uses one end paper folded in half over the hair ends like an envelope.
What is a bookend wrap?
Ionic compounds formed by a metal - sodium, potassium, or lithium, which is combined with oxygen and hydrogen.
What are metal hydroxide relaxers?
Uses an ingredient that does not evaporate as readily as ammonia, so there is very little odor associated with their use. These can still be just as damaging to the hair.
What are ammonia-free waves?
Disulfide, salt, and hydrogen bonds that cross-link polypeptide chains together.
What are side bonds?
What is the bricklay permanent wrap?
Subsections of panels into which the hair is divided for perm wrapping; one rod is normally placed on each base section.
What are base sections?
The process by which hydroxide relaxers permanently straighten hair, the relaxers remove a sulfur atom from a disulfide bond and convert it.
What is lanthionization?
Uses an ingredient other than ATG, such as cysteamine or mercaptamine as the primary reducing agent.
What are thio-free waves?
Chemical bonds that join amino acids together, end-to-end in long chains, to form a polypeptide chain.
What are peptide bonds?
Uses zig-zag partings to divide base areas.
What is the weave technique?