Parts of the Brain
Outer covering of brain, location of thought, memory, self-awareness, and personality
Cortex
This is a chemical substance that allows neurons to transmit electrical impulses throughout the CNS and peripheral nervous system
neurotransmitters
The brain and spinal cord make up the functional components of this system; together these provide for all conscious and subconscious functions of the body.
CNS
These drugs are used primarily to treat bipolar disorders.
mood stabilizers
Name a drug (associated with this chapter) used to treat anxiety and insomnia.
Relay station for information traveling to and from cortex
midbrain
Do CNS drugs increase or decrease individual neuronal activity
Both
This is a method used during certain invasive procedures; the goals of this method are to decrease the level of consciousness and relieve anxiety and pain, while allowing the patient to follow verbal commands
conscious sedation
These drugs are used to treat psychotic disorders, such as schizophrenia, and they affect primarily the neurotransmitter dopamine.
antipsychotics
When given with opioids, what side effect could benzodiazepines augment?
respiratory depression
Controls autonomic functions such as breathing, cardiovascular control, alertness, and reticular activating system
Brainstem (medulla)
Deficiency of what two neurotransmitters has been linked to depression?
These drugs can cause increased activity of the brain.
stimulants
List three etiologies of depressive disorders.
When choosing a sedative drug for your patient, why would you choose a benzodiazepine over a barbiturate?
because of potential toxic side effects, development of tolerance, and risk of addiction
Fine motor control, coordinates movement
Cerebellum
The clinical effects of CNS drugs depend on what factor?
Clinical effects of CNS drugs depend on the localization of specific neurotransmitters in specific brain areas.
These drugs depress the nervous system; they can be divided into two categories, local and general. Their use results in the absence of pain perception.
Anesthetics
What disease is caused by a loss of neurons containing dopamine in the midbrain and is characterized by resting tremor and gait disturbances?
Indication for Naloxone
Respiratory failure resulting from sedative or opioid drug overdose can be treated
Name the lobes of the brain
frontal, parietal, occipital, and temporal
The effect of the neurotransmitter released is determined by what six factors
These drugs block the activity of cholinesterase, an enzyme that inactivates the neurotransmitter acetylcholine.
Cholinesterase inhibitors
Deficits of which neurotransmitter are associated with cognitive deficits in patients with Alzheimer’s dementia?
Acetylcholine
What is an indication for Phenobarbital?
control seizures