American Imperialism
American imperialism in the late nineteenth century was justified as a broadening of what earlier American principle?
A. natural rights
B. free labor and free soil
C. transcendentalism
D. free trade and sailor’s rights
E. manifest destiny
E. manifest destiny
What was a reason why the United States intervened in the Cuban War for Independence?
A. American leaders wanted to protect the Spanish economy and destroy the Cuban economy in an effort to benefit their own.
B. Americans, ironically, were incensed by the brutal imperialism Spain exercised over Cuba, even though they were engaged in their own imperialism.
C. American leaders deemed guerrilla warfare inhumane and wished to assist Spain by using other methods.
D. President McKinley was initially eager to rush into war, despite Theodore Roosevelt’s insistence that he take caution.
E. The Spanish government refused to meet any American demands regarding its control over Cuba after the sinking of an American battleship.
B. Americans, ironically, were incensed by the brutal imperialism Spain exercised over Cuba, even though they were engaged in their own imperialism.
Which of the following was a result of the Spanish-American War?
A. The Untied States was deeply divided between war supporters and opponents.
B. The United States acquired Cuba as a colony and prospered due to its staple crops.
C. The United States emerged as an imperial power, along with the reinforcement of racist attitudes.
D. The United States suffered a huge financial strain and went into a deep depression.
E. The United States acquired Alaska as a consolation prize.
C. The United States emerged as an imperial power, along with the reinforcement of racist attitudes.
Why was the Roosevelt Corollary significant?
A. It was at odds with the Monroe Doctrine in that it created alliances between the United States and European powers for various joint initiatives.
B. It asserted the right of the United States to intervene in Latin America to prevent the military involvement of other countries there.
C. It granted the United States the resources needed to fight in the Russo-Japanese War as a means of gaining control of Korea.
D. It released the United States from its role as an “international police power” and emphasized the need to focus on domestic concerns.
E. It canceled the debt various Latin American countries owed to the United States banks and established new trade agreements between the countries.
B. It asserted the right of the United States to intervene in Latin America to prevent the military involvement of other countries there.
Why was Theodore Roosevelt picked as William McKinley’s running mate for the 1900 election?
A. Roosevelt was a master of the spoils system and was bribed into entering politics by his acquaintances in Big Business.
B. Roosevelt’s calm and conservative approach to politics nicely balanced McKinley’s more radical inclinations.
C. McKinley was secretly suffering from a fatal disease, and Republican leaders wanted Roosevelt to succeed him.
D. Roosevelt was a popular figure from his exploits in the Spanish-American War and had been a strong public supporter of McKinley.
E. Roosevelt’s strict focus on domestic affairs as opposed to world affairs was viewed as necessary after the Spanish-American War.
D. Roosevelt was a popular figure from his exploits in the Spanish-American War and had been a strong public supporter of McKinley.
How did Americans’ understanding of manifest destiny change after the Civil War?
A. Americans focused more on acquiring territory in North America than territory in other parts of the world.
B. Americans predominantly used the idea of manifest destiny as a basis for arguing against imperialism.
C. Americans rejected manifest destiny because they thought the continental United States should be the sole provider of raw materials for industrialization.
D. Americans embraced the idea of acquiring territories as “colonies” without the intention of making them states.
E. Americans felt less safe and were motivated to expand to protect themselves from their militarily powerful neighbors in the Western Hemisphere.
D. Americans embraced the idea of acquiring territories as “colonies” without the intention of making them states.
What is “yellow journalism”?
A. It was a derogatory insult directed by many Americans toward Japanese journalists in the early twentieth century.
B. It refers to the practice by many financially struggling newspapers of using recycled, yellowed newsprint during the 1890s depression.
C. It refers to sensationalist news coverage that was designed to sell papers and manipulate public opinion.
D. It speaks to the use of propaganda in underground newspapers published by the Cuban insurrectionists.
E. It refers to the “scared” journalists who filed their stories from Key West, Florida, during the Spanish-American War.
C. It refers to sensationalist news coverage that was designed to sell papers and manipulate public opinion.
What was the purpose of the Platt Amendment?
A. It granted U.S. citizenship to inhabitants of Puerto Rico.
B. It arranged for a Cuban election to decide the issue of annexation.
C. It sharply restricted the independence of Cuba’s new government.
D. It set up the Army Yellow Fever Commission in Cuba.
E. It called for Spain to pay for all war reparations.
C. It sharply restricted the independence of Cuba’s new government.
Which of the following occurred when the United States and Colombia could not agree on a price for the Canal Zone?
A. The matter was submitted to an international board for arbitration.
B Roosevelt sent the army to Colombia to force Colombian leaders to accept the American offer.
C. The United Fruit Co. brought in Venezuelan and American mercenaries.
D. Colombian leaders offered the deal to the British.
E. The United States lent support to a separatist rebellion in the Colombian province of Panama.
E. The United States lent support to a separatist rebellion in the Colombian province of Panama.
Which of the following was true of the Hay-Herrán Treaty?
A. It ended the Spanish-American War and resulted in the expansion of the United States.
B. It ended the insurrection in the Philippines and gave the Americans less influence.
C. It concerned America’s right to build a canal in Panama with British consent.
D. It gave the United States permission to build a railroad through Canada.
E. It made the purchase of Alaska possible, ending the intense competition over control
of the region.
C. It concerned America’s right to build a canal in Panama with British consent.
How did expansionists try to justify imperialism in the late nineteenth century?
They hoped to decrease the amount of government spending that went into the nation’s military.
They wished to experiment with other types of government besides democracy.
They sought racial equality and thought this could be achieved through a more diverse society.
They sought to spread their Christian and democratic beliefs to other parts of the world.
They wished to help the United States become less entangled in foreign affairs and more focused on domestic issues.
They sought to spread their Christian and democratic beliefs to other parts of the world.
What was the significance of the de Lôme letter?
A. It revealed the location of Spanish troops in Cuba and, thus, helped the United States win the Spanish-American War.
B. It was the first of the Cuban insurrectionists’ overtures for peace, signaling that the Spanish-American war was finally winding down.
C. It blamed the destruction of the battleship Maine on Spanish agents, which gave President McKinley the support he needed to declare war.
D. In it, a Spaniard referred to President McKinley as a weak and cowardly leader, which increased the likelihood of war with Spain.
E. It promised Mexico all of the Gadsden Purchase if they attacked T exas, transforming the southern border of the United States.
D. In it, a Spaniard referred to President McKinley as a weak and cowardly leader, which increased the likelihood of war with Spain.
Despite the official religion of the Philippines being ________, American missionaries were eager to win converts there and argued they needed to Christianize the Filipinos.
A. Buddhist
B. Animism
C. Muslim
D. Roman Catholic
E. Anglican
D. Roman Catholic
In order to acquire the Canal Zone, the United States supported Panama’s revolt against
A. Mexico.
B. Venezuela.
C. Colombia.
D. Costa Rica.
E. Nicaragua.
C. Colombia.
Why did Theodore Roosevelt send the Great White Fleet on a world tour between 1907 and 1909?
A. to conquer new colonial territories for the United States
B. to fight the Japanese effort to conquer the Philippines
C. to demonstrate that the United States had arrived as a world power
D. to defeat the Boxer Rebellion in Peking
E. to avenge the surprise Russian attack on U.S. forces in Manila Bay
C. to demonstrate that the United States had arrived as a world power
Which of the following was a tenet of The Influence of Sea Power upon History, 1660–1783?
A. The United States should remain isolated from overseas affairs and instead focus on western expansion in its own continent.
B. A powerful navy was essential for protecting national interests and developing global commerce.
C. The United States had invested too much in its navy over the years and should instead focus on the army.
D. The United States should focus on small secret operations as opposed to large battleships and global bases.
E. Pursuing new markets overseas would only bring financial ruin to the United States due to increased competition.
B. A powerful navy was essential for protecting national interests and developing global commerce.
Which of the following was true of the battleship Maine?
A. It became famous for sinking the entire Spanish fleet in Manila without a single American loss of life.
B. It exploded in Havana Harbor, allegedly because of the Spanish, and fueled calls for war with Spain.
C. It carried arms from the United States to the Cuban insurrectionists during the first battle of the war.
D. It disappeared at sea with no trace, but newspaper reporters claimed that Cuban rebels had ordered to sink it.
E. It delivered T eddy Roosevelt and the Rough Riders from T ampa to Cuba and carried much of their ammunition.
B. It exploded in Havana Harbor, allegedly because of the Spanish, and fueled calls for war with Spain.
Why did the United States fight a war in the Philippines after the Spanish-American War?
A. to oust the remaining Spanish forces that had refused to evacuate from the island
B. to stop Japan from annexing the islands
C. to quell an insurrection of Filipinos who opposed annexation by the United States
D. to defeat the Boxer Rebellion
E. to avenge the Russian surprise attack on Manila
C. to quell an insurrection of Filipinos who opposed annexation by the United States
What was the purpose of the Open Door policy?
A. It allowed a certain number of Japanese immigrants into the United States in exchange for trading rights.
B. It allowed Cubans to enter the United States and Americans to enter Cuba freely to benefit the economy.
C. It proposed that foreign powers keep China trade open to all European and American nations on an equal basis.
D. It pledged aid to struggling Latin American republics out of solidarity with the United States’ “next door” neighbors.
E. It closed Chinese immigration except for spouses and children of men already in the United States.
C. It proposed that foreign powers keep China trade open to all European and American nations on an equal basis.
What was the “yellow peril”?
A. a mosquito-borne disease
B. a late nineteenth-century style of politically influential journalism
C. a racially charged description of a perceived threat from Japan
D. a racially charged description of Panama
E. another name for tuberculosis
C. a racially charged description of a perceived threat from Japan
What was a major reason why the United States annexed the Philippines despite anti-imperialist opposition in the United States?
A. Filipino leader Emilio Aguinaldo requested annexation due to the belief it would help the economy.
B. The Philippine islands were located very close to China and China’s potential markets.
C. Anti-imperialist William Jennings Bryan agreed to become the civil governor of the territory.
D. Americans wanted to avenge their defeat in the Philippine-American War.
E. The Philippines offered the most developed untapped market in the entire Eastern Hemisphere.
B. The Philippine islands were located very close to China and China’s potential markets.
What was a result of the Treaty of Paris?
A. The Spanish Empire in the Americas ended.
B. The start of the Spanish-American war became more likely.
C. The Philippines gained its independence.
D. The prospect of a United States empire became far less likely.
E. Spain annexed Puerto Rico.
A. The Spanish Empire in the Americas ended.
The Philippine-American War became known for
A. the lack of violence in the conflict.
B. its status as the first American defeat in a foreign war.
C. the absence of civilian casualties.
D. the contributions of Theodore Roosevelt’s “Rough Riders. ”
E. its brutality and the atrocities committed by both sides.
E. its brutality and the atrocities committed by both sides.
Which of the following statements accurately describes American foreign policy in Latin American countries in the first twenty years of the twentieth century?
A. It demonstrated the commitment of the United States to preventing human rights abuses and the receptiveness of these countries to American aid.
B. It demonstrated American willingness to intervene in a nation’s internal affairs to promote American interests.
C. It was characterized by Americans’ willingness to rely on Europeans to take the lead in interventions as a means of preserving American resources.
D. It was characterized by a respect for the sovereignty of other nations that fostered mutual respect and helped bring about economic cooperation.
E. It made sure that any foreign interventions were calculated and rare, especially duringWilson’s presidency, which saw far fewer interventions than T aft’s.
B. It demonstrated American willingness to intervene in a nation’s internal affairs to promote American interests.
Why was Roosevelt’s approach to foreign policy problematic in hindsight?
A. He was reluctant to use force in support of American goals.
B. His efforts to deploy American power abroad were accompanied by a racist ideology.
C. He was too much of an isolationist to ensure American national security.
D. His egalitarian views clouded his understanding of American interests.
E. He was never formally educated and knew little about his foreign allies.
B. His efforts to deploy American power abroad were accompanied by a racist ideology.