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Anatomy 1
Anatomy 2
Diseases of the heart/conducting
Conduction
Conduction
100
Name the 4 chambers of the heart and their functions
What is the right atrium(collects blood from systemic), right ventricle(pump blood to pulmonary circuit), left atrium(collects blood from pulmonary circuit), left ventricle(pumps blood to systemic circuit)
100
When the AV valves are closed what 2 valves are typically open?
What is the aortic valve and the pulmonary valve?
100
What does CAD stand for? What is it caused by?
What is coronary artery disease, caused by a lack of blood flow leaving the heart in need of oxygen and nutrients. This is usually a fatty block.
100
What is the resting potential of the ventricles? Atriums?
What is -90, -80
100
What is an ECG, the different waves of the ECG, and what they mean?
What is a recording of electrical events in the heart, P wave (atria depolarizes), QRS wave (ventricles depolarize), T wave (ventricles depolarize)
200
What is the pericardium, name the 2 layers of it, and name the function of the pericardial cavity.
What is connective tissue that surrounds the heart, visceral layer(inner layer), parietal layer(outer layer), the cavity serves as a chamber for fluid to stabilize the heart and reduce friction.
200
Does the left ventricle hold the same volume of blood as the right? Why/Why not?
What is no, it just looks that way because it has a higher volume of muscle tissue
200
What is a myocardial infarction? What is it caused by?
What is when a portion of the cardiac muscle tissue dies due to ischemia. This is caused by CAD.
200
Where does the 100 millisecond delay occur throughout the AP chain?
What is in the impulse of the AV that was received from the SA node
200
When the heart is depolarizing what ions enter in each step to make the membrane potential positive?
What is 1) Na+ 2) Ca2+(this is the delay due to slow channels) 3) K+ efflux
300
Name the characteristics of cardiac muscle tissue
What is has intercalated discs linked by gap junctions secured by desmosomes that propagate action potential. They have plenty of mitochondria for endurance, contain myoglobin to carry O2.
300
Does the pulmonary artery carry oxygenated or deoxygenated blood?
What is deoxygenated?
300
Treatment for myocardial infarction includes?
What is balloon angioplasty, bypass surgery, changing life style
300
The refectory periods mean what for the heart? They prevent what?
What is that an AP will not occur, and to prevent tetany and summation
300
What is the formula for cardiac output? Stroke volume?
What is CO=HRxSV SV=EDS-ESV
400
Name the 2 AV valves, their location, and their function
What is tricuspid(right side), biscupid (left side) to ensure blood flows in the correct direction with no back flow.
400
What is the trabeculae carheae responsible for?
What is synchronize the heart beat by using the muscular ridges in the ventricles to coordinate contractions?
400
What is a normal heart rate? What sets the heart rate? What effect does sympathetic/parasympathetic response have on the heart?
What is 80-100bpm, set by pacemaker cells, parasympathetic would slow the heart, sympathetic would speed up the heart
400
What are the main hormones that influence the heart and how?
What is Acetyl Co A= parasympathetic and NE= sympathetic
400
When volume _______ pressure ______
What is increases, decreases or decreases, increases
500
What is the function of the chordae tendinae and papillary muscles?
What is to control the opening and closing of valves to prevent back flow
500
The path of blood flow through the heart
What is enters through the superior and inferior vena cava into the right atrium, through the tricuspid valve into the right ventricle, through the pulmonary artery to the lungs then back through the pulmonary vein into the left atrium through the bicuspid valve into the left ventricle then exits the heart through the aorta.
500

DJ What is the order of the electrical charge through the heart?

What is the SA node, the AV node, the AV bundle, to the Purkinje Fibers which distributes the AP throughout the ventricles.

500
Name 2 the 2 differences in cardiac tissue vs skeletal tissue
What is more mitochondria and myoglobin instead of hemoglobin
500

DJ What is diastole and systole?

What is relaxation and contraction?