Chapter 21: Infectious Diseases Affecting the Respiratory System

General Knowledge

100

Name at least two parts of the upper respiratory tract.

mouth, nose, nasal cavity, sinuses, throat (pharynx), epiglottis, and larynx

200

The normal biota of the respiratory tract includes yeast. Name the specific kind of yeast. 

Candida albicans

300

Name one of the anatomical defenses of the respiratory tract. 

*Basically a body structure that helps keep out microorganisms or traps them or rids the bottom of them

nasal hairs, ciliated epithelium of trachea and bronchi, mucus, coughing, sneezing, swallowing

400

True/False: Organisms considered "normal biota" in the respiratory tract can cause serious disease

True

500

Name one of the bacteria that is considered "normal biota" that can also cause serious disease

Possible answers: Streptococcus pyogenes, haemophilus influenzae, streptococcus pneumoniae, neisseria meningitidis, and staphylococcus aureus

Upper Respiratory Tract Diseases

100

Sneezing, runny nose, and scratchy throat are signs/symptoms of _____.

the common cold

200

Name one of the causative agents of otitis media (ear infection)

*Give a specific answer

streptococcus pneumoniae, haemophilus influenzae

300

Inflammation of the throat causing pain and swelling describes which disease?

Pharyngitis

400

Name the causative agent and one mode of transmission for Diptheria

Corynebacterium diptheriae; droplet contact, direct contact, indirect contact with contaminated fomites

500

Which vaccine is recommended for Diptheria?

DTaP

Both Upper and Lower Respiratory Tract Diseases

100

Describe the signs/symptoms of Whooping Cough

can result in broken blood vessels in the eyes, vomiting, or even hemorrhages in the brain

200

What is the mode of transmission for RSV?

droplet and indirect contact

300

What are the signs/symptoms of Influenza?

headache, chills, dry cough, body aches, fever, stuffy nose, sore throat, extreme fatigue, etc.

400

How many types of influenza vaccines are there?

3

500

What is the antigenic shift?

*think about the mutation of glycoproteins

the antigenic shift is when one of the strands of viral RNA is swapped out with a gene or a strand from another virus

Lower Respiratory Tract Diseases

100

Mycobacterium Tuberculosis is the causative agent of ______

tuberculosis

200

Name 2 of the signs/symptoms of pneumonia

runny nose, congestion, headache, fever, chest pain, cough, production of discolored sputum, appearing pale and sickly, difficulty breathing, pain

300

Legionella species cause which disease?

*Hint: its pneumonia, but which kind?

Community-Acquired Pneumonia

400

What percent of hospitalized patients develop pneumonia?

1%

500

What is the mode of transmission for Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome Disease?

Vehicle---airborne virus emitted from rodents

All of the Above

100

In the prodromal phase of the Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrom, what are the signs/symptoms?

fever, chills, myalgias (muscle aches), headache, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea

200

What is the mode of transmission for Health-Care Associated Pneumonia?

Endogenous (aspiration)

300

Name one of the causative agents of Health-Care Associated Pneumonia

Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter baumannii, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Enterobacter, Escherichia coli, MRSA

400

Name a test that is used to diagnose tuberculosis.

Mantoux test (TB skin test), IGRA, Acid-fast staining of sputum sample, PCR, Chest X-rays

500

Name one of the signs/symptoms of RSV

croup, difficulty breathing, fever, rhinitis, pharyngitis, otitis, etc.