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vocab
100
What are some push/pull factors of immigrants?
What is... Push factors: land became scarce, political and religious unrest, unemployment Pull factors: Industrial jobs, promise of freedom, and low fares for ocean crossing
100
Why did american cities grow so rapidly in the 1800s?
What is… because the nation industrialized and jobs drew immigrants to the US.
100
How did the cities create more space?
What is… the builders built skyscrapers up instead of out, to make more space in the cities.
100
how did education change and improve in the late 1800s?
What is… the compulsory education laws took place, English was taught to young immigrants, parochial were created, taught the "three R's", more high schools, new private colleges, shop work courses, and more books/newspapers/magazines were printed and read.
100
Push/pull factors
push: conditions that drive people from their homes pull: conditions that attract immigrants to a new area.
200
what are some of the problems that immigrants faced to get to America?
What is... very much disease, intense medical inspections, long delays and processes, strong language barrior
200
What is the hull house?
What is… a settlement house that was invented by Addams to offer a wide variety of services to the poor
200
What were some pass-times that were invented for citizens?
What is… shopping at department stores, walking around in public parks, playing sports, going to Vaudevilles, and listening to ragtime's.
200
What was the newspaper boom?
What is… Because of the growth of the city, the amount of newspapers printed sky rocketed. They reported on major events of the day. Half of the newspapers printed in the entire world, came from the US at this time.
200
skyscrapers
tall buildings with many floors supported by a lightweight steel frame
300
what were the immigrant neighborhoods like?
what is... very diverse because each culture kept their same traditions from back home.
300
What are some problems and solutions of the growing cities?
What is… problems: garbage rotted streets, factories polluted the air, crime flourished, tenement buildings had fire hazards. Solutions: building codes were made, which required fire escapes and decent plumbing. Cities hired workers to collect garbage and to reduce pollution, zoning laws kept factories out of neighborhoods where people lived
300
What things were invented to solve traffic problems?
What are… Trolleys, streetcars, steam-driven passenger trains above-ground, subways under-ground, and across-river bridges.
300
What are some themes that realists found?
What is… Civil War, shattered lives, womens rights, and racism.
300
Vaudeville
a variety show that included comedians, song-and-dance routines, and acrobats
400
what were some of the locations that new and old immigrants came from?
where is... old: England, Ireland, Germany, and Sandinavia. new: Southern and Eastern Europe, Italy, Poland, Greece, Russia, and Hungry.
400
What are some of the religious organizations that helped the poor?
What is… Social Gospel: helped society's poor. Salvation Army: offered food and shelter to the poor Young Men's Hebrew Association: provided social activities and encouraged good citizenship
400
Why did people want to play sports?
What is… they wanted to get away from their busy lives and jobs and actually do something they liked to do
400
Tell about Mark Twain:
What is… hes the most famous and popular author of his time, used local color, made Huckleberry Finn, had a pen name of Samuel Clemens, first success was in 1865 with his "The Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calaveras County."
400
building codes
standards for construction and safety
500
why did nativists not like the immigrants?
What is... because their language, religion, and customs were too different, they did not want them to take their land, jobs, and money. they were just too different.
500
What are some of the settlement patterns of the city?
What is… the urban poor where poor families crammed in the city's center, the urban middle class where middle classers like doctors lawyers, business managers, and office workers lived beyond the slums, and the rich where the extremely wealthy lived on the outskirts of the city
500
Name some new shopping techniques/places, public parks, and variety shows.
What is… window shopping, department stores, zoos, gardens, and Vaudevilles.
500
What were some of famous writers/painter of this time?
Who are… Joseph Pulitzer, William Randolph, Nelly Bly, Horatio Alger, REALISTS, Stephen Crane, Kate Chopin, Paul Laurence, MARK TWAIN, Winslow Homer, Thomas Eakins, James Whistler, and Mary Cassatt
500
urbanization
the movement of population from farms to cities