Dates
The Renaissance was a time of grand cultural, social, and economic awakening. This period of growth and change is generally placed as occurring during the _________________ through about _________________. It is important for us to remember that all these changes did not happen overnight or even in one century.
1300's
1600
The beginning of the Renaissance, which started in ______________, is historically considered the end of the ____________ ____________.
Italy
Middle Ages
The Renaissance scholars were like the ancient writers in that they stressed practical ____________ ______________ and _______________, but these new scholars also focused on the original intent and language of the ______________ _____________. This new way of thinking, where people were becoming interested in bettering themselves, was called ________________.
human actions
individualism
scriptural text
humanism
_____________ _____________ movable type printing press not only changed the world of printing, but it also changed the world on a ___________ ___________.
Johannes Gutenberg's
spiritual level
The Church prescribed to the thoughts and philosophy of ancient Greek philosopher ____________.
Aristotle
The Medici ruled the city-state of Florence and later the Tuscant region from the ____________ to the ________________.
*Bonus*
The Medici produced several popes:
1.
2.
3.
4.
1400's - 1700's
*
Leo X
Clement VII
Pius IV
Leon XI
Constantinople stood against invaders from every direction for centuries, but the city eventually fell to the _______________, who destroyed the Christian statues and symbols of the ______________ _______________ Church. They even turned the beautiful ________________ _______________ cathedral, the ______________ _____________, into a mosque for the Muslim faith.
Ottomans
Eastern Orthodox
Eastern Orthodox
Hagia Sophia
During the Renaissance, a _____________ was someone who emphasized personal, human involvement with their life, including their relationship with ___________. Many Renaissance ______________ believed ______________ was interested in speaking to the individual humans He had created. This was very different from how the medieval Church operated and helped lead to the ________________ ________________.
humanist
God
humanists
God
Protestant Reformation
The ____________ ______________ is also called the Forty-two line _____________ because of its unique layout. It was completed in _____________ in _____________, _____________.
Gutenberg Bible
Bible
1455
Mainz, Germany
One of Aristotle's theories was about a geocentric universe. Geo means ___________, so this means "___________ _________ ___________ ____________."
earth
earth at the center
Giovanni Medici founded the Medici family bank in the late _____________.
1300's
When the ______________ attacked and conquered Constantinople, many scholars and monks ran for their lives, taking many treasures with them. Although the ancient authors had been all but forgotten for hundreds of years by Western Europe and most of the world, these _______________ scholars risked their lives to save scrolls and manuscripts for future generations.
Ottomans
Byzantine
Italy was divided into ____________-____________. These _______________-_____________ were regions that were ruled by a major city. Some of them were ruled by elected officials, but many of them were governed by wealthy, influential families. One thing these ____________-_____________ had in common was that they liked to fuss with each other.
city-states
city-states
city-states
The Bible was a three-volume set with printing in _________-__________ columns. Like many books of that time, the Gutenberg Bible had no ____________ _______________.
42-line
page numbers
_____________ _____________, an Italian scientist, natural philosopher, and mathematician. ______________ contributed to science with his discoveries about motion and astronomy and the development of the scientific method.
Galileo Galilei
Galileo
Masaccio's The Tribute Money was painted in _______________.
1425
Most of these scholars and monks eventually settled in_______________, and new interest in learning and ancient writings began to develop there. These writings were not only biblical manuscripts but also writings from ancient _____________ _______________, which sparked interest in ________________.
Italy
Greek philosophers
philosophy
Florence was a large influential city-state in central Italy that was governed by the _____________.
Milan, a city-state, ruled by other rich families - the ____________ and then the _____________ familes.
Venice became powerful through trade with the ______________ _____________ and controlled the seas around the northeastern coast of Italy.
Naples was a city-state that ruled much of ______________ _____________.
Rome was ruled by the _____________, who also ruled the ______________ ______________.
*Bonus*
What were these city-states known for:
Florence
Milan
Venice
Rome
Medici
Visconti + Sforza
Middle East
Southern Italy
pope, Catholic Church
*Bonus*
Florence-amazing artwork
Milan-intricate metalworking, armor
Venice-beautiful glassware
Rome-gorgeous artwork
The Gutenberg press made it much easier for anyone who could read to have access to books. It also gave people access to _____________. No longer did people have to rely on what a ___________ said the ______________ tells us. People could now read it for themselves. These changes significantly altered how people lived and _____________.
Bibles
priest
Bible
worshipped
One of Galileo's biggest contributions was in the field of astronomy. In ____________, he began working on developing a _______________.
1609
telescope
So ardently did the Church oppose the Copernican theory of the universe that Galileo was reprimanded numerous times for writing about it in his books. In the year _______________, he was tried by the Inquisition and was condemned to life imprisonment.
1633
The social change from the aftermath of the Black Death marked the beginning of the end for the _____________ _____________ that had been in place since the fall of the ____________ ______________ _____________. This restructuring and shifting of classes, both social and economic, also triggered interest in ____________. For many centuries during the Middle Ages, folks thought mostly about staying alive, keeping food on the table for their families, and making it through their lives without dying of the plague or some other type of mysterious illness. Survival was their focus. Now, with better wages and higher quality of lives, many people began lifting their heads from the daily grind long enough to take notice of the new _____________, _____________, and ______________ that was appearing.
*Bonus*
Draw The Creation of Adam
feudal system
Western Roman Empire
culture
artwork
philosophy
literature
The _______________ family originated in Valencia, Spain, but settled in Italy. The house of the ______________ was influential in the Church and politics, producing two popes, __________ ____________ ____________ and ____________ _______________ _____________. The _____________ family is known for being powerful yet corrupt and violent, willing to do almost anything to gain power.
*Bonus*
Draw the pope painted by Cristofano dell'Altissimo
Borja
Borgia
Pope Calixtus III
Pope Alexander VI
Borgia
There are approximately __________ ____________ of the Gutenberg Bible in existence today. There are well-preserved complete ones in the _________ __________ _____ ___________, the _____________ ______________ ______________, and the ________________ _______________. There are several incomplete texts in various other locations.
*Bonus*
Draw Gutenberg at work
40 copies
U.S. Library of Congress
French Bibliotheque National
British Library
_______________ was not popular with the Church because he did not support Aristotle's geocentric model of the universe. Instead, he was a staunch supporter of astronomer ______________ ____________'s _______________ model.
Galileo
Nicolaus Copernicus
heliocentric (sun in the middle)