Plant Structure
The main organs that carry out photosynthesis in most plants.
leaves
The process by which plants release water vapor through their leaves.
transpiration
The male reproductive part of a flower.
stamen
Thick, waxy cuticles help plants in these environments reduce water loss.
deserts (arid environments)
The green pigment that captures light energy for photosynthesis.
chlorophyll
The structure that anchors plants in the ground and absorbs water and nutrients.
roots
The opening on the underside of a leaf that allows gas exchange.
stoma
The female reproductive structure in a flower that produces ovules.
pistil
Leaves that are modified into spines help this type of plant reduce water loss and deter animals.
cacti
The organelle where photosynthesis occurs.
chloroplast
The outer layer of cells that protects a plant and prevents water loss.
epidermis
The process by which plants make food using sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water.
Photosynthesis
The transfer of pollen from the anther to the stigma.
pollination
This term describes plants that complete their life cycle in one growing season.
annnuals
The movement of water molecules through a semipermeable membrane from high to low concentration.
osmosis
Vascular tissue that transports water upward from the roots.
xylem
This type of tissue transports sugars and nutrients throughout the plant.
phloem
A fertilized ovule develops into this structure.
seed
Roots that grow above ground to obtain oxygen in waterlogged soil.
pneumatophores
The upward movement of water due to adhesion, cohesion, and transpiration.
Capillary action
The growth region at the tip of stems and roots where new cells are produced.
apical meristem
The small pores in roots that increase surface area for water absorption.
Root hairs
The process by which seeds begin to grow after dormancy.
germination
Plants that grow on other plants but do not take nutrients from them.
epiphytes
This layer of mesophyll cells contains many chloroplasts and carries out most photosynthesis.
palisade layer