Show:
Respiratory System
The Heart
Blood Vessels
Blood
Misc.
100
What is the main organ(s) in the Respiratory System?
The Lungs
100
Name the four chambers of the heart.
The Left and Right Atriums, and the Left and Right Ventricles
100
Name the 3 blood vessels.
The Arteries, Veins, and Capillaries
100
What blood cell fights infections and prevents cancer?
The White Blood Cells.
100
What are the main functions of capillaries?
To diffuse oxygen, nutrients, and glucose, and to connect arteries and veins.
200
What do cilia and mucus do with dirt and other particles that have been caught in them?
They either push them down the digestive track, or out through the nostrils.
200
What makes the Lub-Dub sound in your heart?
The valves in the heart opening and closing.
200
What is the largest artery in the body, and how thick is it?
It is the aorta, and it is 25 mm thick.
200
What is Plasma and what is it composed of?
It is a clear, yellowish fluid and is composed of water, proteins, minerals, and dissolved salts.
200
What are the functions of veins and arteries?
Arteries carry oxygen-enriched blood to the body, and veins carry deoxygenated blood back to the heart to be re-oxygenated.
300
In which structures do gas exchange take place, and what gases are exchanged?
Alveoli and Capillaries are the structures that perform the exchange, and oxygen and Co2 are swapped.
300
Why are the walls of the atria thinner than the walls of the ventricles in the heart?
The atria only have to pump blood to the ventricles, while the ventricles have to pump blood to the rest of the body, so they need more muscle (the wall) to do that.
300
What are main structural differences between arteries and veins?
Arteries are much thicker, and veins are more flexible and have valves to prevent back-flow of blood.
300
What is the composition of blood and the percentage difference.
55% is composed of plasma, and the other 45% of blood is composed of Red Blood Cells, White Blood Cells, and Platelets.
300
How long would all your blood vessels be if they were lined up end on end?
The line would be 100 000 kilometres, or 2.5 times around the Earth.
400
What are 2 diseases caused by smoking to lungs?
They are lung cancer, and Emphysema (which causes the alveoli to lose their elasticity, making it harder to breathe).
400
How many litres of blood does the heart pump per minute?
It pumps 4 litres.
400
What is are names of the smaller tubes of arteries and veins (between Capillaries and veins/arteries)?
For Veins they are called Venules, and for Arteries they are called Arteriole.
400
What are the main functions of White Blood Cells and Platelets?
White Blood Cells are the 'police' of the blood stream, and Platelets clot blood, in other words stop bleeding and seal the wound and creating scabs.
400
What are the two veins that enter the body, and on which side are they (which one is upper body or lower)?
The Superior Vena Cava is the vein that enters from the upper body, and the Inferior Vena Cava is the vein that enters from the lower body.
500
Describe the full path air takes from inhaling (through the nose) to exhaling.
Oxygen is inhaled and filtered through the nasal cavity by mucus and tiny hairs called cilia, then goes into the pharynx, and continues down the larynx. It then goes down into the trachea, and then the trachea branches into two tubes called the bronchi. The bronchi go into the lungs, and spread into many singular tubes called the bronchiole. The bronchioles then form alveoli at the end, and gas exchange is processed. The waste gas then goes back up the passage, and you exhale carbon dioxide.
500
How many times has the average heart beat when it reaches 80 years old?
Almost 3 billion times.
500
What are the two blood vessels that connect the lungs and heart, and why are they so unique?
The Pulmonary vein and Pulmonary artery, and they have reversed roles (the artery carries deoxygenated blood, while the vein carries oxygenated blood).
500
Where are Red Blood Cells made, what are the protein molecules they have, and what does this molecule do?
Red Blood Cells are produced in a fatty tissue in bones called Bone Marrow, the molecule is Hemoglobin, and it carries Oxygen to the Capillaries, and Co2 to the Lungs.
500
Name the order of which blood flows from the Vena Cavas to the Aorta.
The blood from the Vena Cavas enter the right atrium, the blood is then sent to the right ventricle, then blood is then sent through the pulmonary artery to the lungs. The freshly enriched blood then comes from the pulmonary vein and goes into the left atrium, and is sent to the left ventricle. The left ventricle, which is the strongest part of the heart, then pumps the blood to the rest of the body through the aorta.