Pre French Revolution
This estate included peasants, bourgeois, and city workers. This made up a majority of the French population, and had to pay a majority of taxes
Third Estate
The storming of this prison becomes a symbolic act of the French Revolution and is celebrated in present-day France
The Bastille
Radical Jacobin leader who wanted to erase France’s past eventually becomes a dictator when he is appointed as head of the Committee of Public Safety.
Maximilien Robespierre
Set of comprehensive laws that eliminated many injustices.
Napoleonic Code
System using a blockade to block trade communication between Great Britain and Europe
Continental System
Austrian foreign minister and most influential representative at Congress of Vienna
Klemens Von Metternich
This estate included nobles, consisted of about 2% of the population, and owned 20% of land.
Second Estate
Rumors of nobles hiring thugs to terrorize peasants, resulting in the killing of nobles and burning of their manors
The Great Fear
Radical political organization (party) that pushed for the trial of Louis XIV
Jacobins
public schools open to all males. Based on merit, not family connections.
Lycees
Strategy used by Russians that stopped Napoleon’s invasion, burning crops and cities leaving French soldiers nothing to eat
Scorched Earth
Country where Vienna is located and where the Congress of Vienna was held
Austria
This estate included clergy members, they did not have to pay taxes
First Estate
Stated that all men born free and equal in rights, also included equal justice, freedom of speech, and religion
Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen
Nobles who fled France because the Revolution, wanted to undo Revolution and restore the monarchy
Emigres
Formal title Napoleon gave himself in 1804
Emperor
Country that fought against Napoleon in the Peninsular War because they marched through their country to get to Portugal
Spain
Who did the Congress of Vienna want to restore as the leaders of Europe?
Monarchs
After being locked out of the Estates-General, members of the third estate swore an oath not to leave until they drafted a new constitution.
Tennis Court Oath
This political faction of the Legislative Assembly opposed the idea of a monarchy and wanted sweeping changes.
Radicals
Parisian workers & shopkeepers who wanted revolution to bring even greater changes
Sans-Culottes
How Napoleon was able to first seize power, defined as a sudden seizure of power
Coup d'état
Replaced Napoleon as leader when he was exiled the first time
Louis XVIII
What did the Congress of Vienna seek to do with the countries surrounding France in order to contain France
Make them stronger
Provide at least 2 causes of the French Revolution
Estates System
Weak leadership
Enlightenment ideas spreading
Economic troubles
This political faction of the Legislative Assembly upheld idea of limited monarchy, wanted few changes
Conservatives
This event marks the end of the Reign of Terror
The execution of Maximilien Robespierre
Agreement with the Pope stating that the government would keep the church out of the national affairs of France
Concordat
Island that Napoleon was first exiled to
Elba
How many years of peace did Europe see as a result of the Congress of Vienna
40 years