What is part of the computer that consists of three associated elements: the arithmetic/logic unit, the control unit, and the register areas
the Central Processing Unit - CPU
100
Provides the CPU with a working storage area for programs and data
Rapidly provides data and instructions to the CPU
Memory
100
What is Simultaneous execution of two or more instructions at the same time
Multiprocessing
100
Data must be retrieved in the order in which it is stored
Devices used called sequential access storage devices (SASDs)
What is Sequential access
100
Common form of optical disc on which data cannot be modified once it has been recorded
What is Optical discs
200
What performs mathematical calculations and makes logical comparisons
Arithmetic/logic unit (ALU)
200
Eight bits together form a ?
Byte
200
Combines two or more independent processors into a single computer
Quad-core, six-core, and eight-core processors are common
Heat build-up is a problem with fast processors
Multicore microprocessor
200
Records can be retrieved in any order
Devices used are called direct access storage devices (DASDs)
What is Direct access
200
Storage medium used to store software, video games, and movies
What is Digital video disc (DVD)
300
What sequentially accesses program instructions, decodes them, and coordinates the flow of data in and out of the ALU, registers, primary storage, and even secondary storage and various output devices
Control unit
300
What is types of memory:
Temporary and volatile
Random access memory (RAM)
300
Simultaneous execution of the same task on multiple processors to obtain results faster
What is Parallel computing
300
Primarily for storing backups of critical data
What is Magnetic tapes
300
Store data in memory chips rather than magnetic or optical media
Have few moving parts, so they are less fragile than hard disk drives
High cost per GB of data storage
Lower capacity compared to current hard drives
What is Solid state secondary storage devices (SSD)
400
What houses the components responsible for processing (the CPU and memory)
System unit
400
Types of memory:
Nonvolatile
Provides permanent storage for data and instructions that do not change
Read-only memory (ROM)
400
Use of a collection of computers, often owned by many different people and/or organizations, to work in a coordinated manner to solve a common problem
Central server acts as the grid leader and traffic monitor
What is Grid Computing
400
Method of storing data that generates extra bits of data from existing data so that if a hard drive fails, the lost data on that drive can be rebuilt
What is Redundant array of independent/inexpensive disks (RAID)
400
Data storage service provider rents space to people and organizations
Users access their rented storage space via the Internet
What is Storage as a Service
500
Series of electronic pulses produced at a predetermined rate that affects machine cycle time
Often measured in:
Megahertz (MHz): millions of cycles per second
Gigahertz (GHz): billions of cycles per second
Clock Speed
500
Uses computer servers, distributed storage devices, and networks to tie everything together