Bleeding
The first step in controlling external bleeding.
What is direct pressure?
This occurs when a force hits the body without piercing the skin.
What is blunt trauma?
The largest organ of the body.
What is the skin?
The immediate treatment for an evisceration (protruding organs).
What is covering with a moist, sterile dressing?
The three types of burns (Do not use first, second, and third degree).
What are Superficial, Partial thickness, and Full thickness?
This type of bleeding is bright red, spurting, and hardest to control.
What is arterial bleeding?
The first sign of hypovolemic shock in a trauma patient.
What is a change in mental status (anxiety/restlessness)?
A closed injury characterized by swelling and ecchymosis (bruising).
What is a contusion?
The "H" in the MARCH trauma assessment mnemonic.
What is Hemorrhage?
The "Golden Period" refers to the maximum time for on-scene activities, which should be completed under this many minutes for severe trauma patients.
What is 10 minutes?
If direct pressure fails to control bleeding on an extremity, this device should be applied.
What is a tourniquet?
The most common Mechanism of Injury (MOI) for blunt trauma.
What are falls or motor vehicle crashes?
An injury that separates layers of soft tissue, resulting in a detached flap of skin.
What is an avulsion?
When treating an impaled object, it should be stabilized in place, except if it interferes with this.
What is CPR?
The 3 layers of the skin.
What are epidermis, dermis, and subcutaneous?
This is the primary cause of trauma death after blunt trauma.
What is internal bleeding/hemorrhage?
This refers to the energy transmission to the spine after a landing on feet from a height.
What is a axial loading injury?
The medical term for a closed injury involving a large rupture of blood vessels beneath the skin.
What is a hematoma?
This is the risk to a patient if a dressing is applied too tightly.
What is loss of distal pulse/circulation?
The mnemonic for treating closed soft tissue injuries.
What is RICE (Rest, Ice, Compression, Elevation)?
The medical term for a patient losing 40% or more of their total blood volume.
What is exsanguination?
This, defined as a rapid rise or fall in pressure, is the most common cause of primary blast injuries.
What is a pressure wave (or barotrauma)?
This condition, often caused by a crush injury, occurs when swelling causes increased pressure within a closed space.
What is compartment syndrome?
The type of dressing used to cover a sucking chest wound.
What is an occlusive dressing?
This type of shock is characterized by a "warm" skin condition, contrary to hypovolemic shock.
What is neurogenic shock?