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Mohs scale is used to measure a mineral’s
Hardness
The two things that determine which mineral it is are its chemical composition and its ____________?
Atomic Arrangement
Rocks that form from molten rock material that cools and crystalize either underground or on Earth’s surface are called _____.
Igneous rocks
Minerals form from the __________ out.
inside
Rocks that form from cool lava or ash that has erupted on Earth’s surface are called _______.
Extrusive Igneous Rocks
Metamorphic changes in rocks that occur over large areas are called ______. (2 words)
Regional Metamorphism
A metamorphic rock with crystals arranged in layers or bands.
Foliated
Define a mineral.
A naturally occurring, inorganic solid with a crystalline form.
Define a rock.
made up of fragments of rock, fragments of minerals, and volcanic glass.
Rocks are identified by their ___________ and their texture.
Composition
Name the order of clasts from biggest to smallest.
Gravel, Sand, Silt, Mud/Clay
All of the empty spaces between clasts are known as _____.
Pore Space
Any igneous, _______, or other metamorphic rock can be changed by metamorphism.
Sedimentary
The word “morph” means ________.
Form
Sedimentary rock forms from the consolidation or putting together of ________.
Clasts
Metamorphic changes in rocks that occur over small areas are called ______. (2 words)
Contact Metamorphism
A metamorphic rock with crystals arranged in random orientations.
Nonfoliated
An example of a biochemical sedimentary rock is ______.
Limestone, Coal, or Peat
When plant material is continually compressed underground, it becomes ______.
Coal
Name the 3 types of Sedimentary rock.
Detrital, Chemical, Biochemical
Intrusive igneous rocks are ______grained.
coarse
Extrusive igneous rocks are ________grained due to rapid cooling.
fine
This igneous rock is black and smooth like glass.
obsidian
The breaking down of rock into smaller pieces by the wind, water, etc. is known as _____.
weathering
The word “meta” means _______.
To change