World War I Begins
What helped European armies double in size between 1890 and 1914 *content vocabulary*
conscription
Where did fighting on the Western front take place? The Eastern front?
Western: France
What was V.I. Lenin's full name?
Vladimir Ilyich Ulyanov
*content vocabulary* a truce or an agreement to end fighting
armistice
The process of assembling troops and supplies and making them ready for war
mobilization
What was the motivation behind the assassination of Archduke Francis Ferdinand?
Serbian nationalism, the desire for Bosnia to be free of Austria-Hungary and to become a part of a large Serbian kingdom
What was the difference between how the war was fought on the Western vs. Eastern front?
Western: trench warfare, little traction, stalemate
Eastern: more mobile
What two groups formed to oppose the new Bolshevik government? How were they different in their goals?
the White Forces (loyal to the czar) and the anti-Leninist socialists (wanted a socialist state, just not one run by Lenin)
Why was Germany able to focus solely on the Western front at the end of the war?
Withdrawal of Russia from the war
Ideas spread to influence public opinion for or against a crime
propaganda
Who was a part of the Triple Entente? Who was a part of the Triple Alliance?
Triple Entente: Russia, France, United Kingdom
Triple Alliance: Germany, Austria-Hungary, Italy
What kept the soldiers from being mobile on the Western front?
Advancing soldiers could be fired at by the enemy's machine guns
What were the main motivations for the Russian Revolution? (by peasants)
people were tired of war, were poor and hungry, and wanted government reform
What two empires dissolved with the end of the war?
the Ottoman Empire and the Austro-Hungarian Empire
A war that involved the complete mobilization of resources and people, affecting the lives of all citizens in the warring countries, even those remote from the battlefield
Total war
What four principles (-isms minus one) lead Europe to be the boiling point that exploded with the assassination of Archduke Francis Ferdinand?
Nationalism, imperialism, militarism, and alliances
Lusitania
How did Lenin keep his promises to the Russian people?
Gave control of the government to the Congress of Soviets, and ended Russia's participation in World War I
What clause in the Treaty of Versailles angered the Germans the most? (list the number) Why?
Article 231, because it listed Germany as the sole aggressors of the war, and held them morally and financially responsible
List the 5 main events that lead up to World War I (think of the chart in your notes)
1. Archduke Ferdinand assassinated
2. Partial mobilization of Russian army
3. Germany declared war on Russia
4. Germany declared war on France
5. Great Britain declared war on Germany
What countries gave women the right to vote immediately after the war?
Germany, Austria, and the United States, Great Britain gave it to women over the age of 30
How was life worse for Russian peasants under the Bolsheviks?
War communism was established, a secret police was formed, the country was ran in a brutal way
What were France, England, and the United States goals going into the Paris Peace Conference?
France: desire for revenge and security from future German attacks
England: desire to make Germany pay
USA: prevent future wars and allow national self-determination
A payment made to the victor by the vanquished to cover the costs of war