Feudalism and Manorialism
This political and social system was based on land, loyalty, protection, and service.
Feudalism
Who was crowned emperor by Pope Leo III in 800?
Charlemagne
What word means the large-scale buying and selling of goods?
Commerce
What were religious officials and leaders of the Church called?
Clergy
What deadly disease devastated Europe's population during the 1300s?
Black Death
These agricultural workers were bound to the land on which they worked.
Serfs
What group from Scandinavia raided, traded, explored, and settled throughout Europe?
Vikings
What organization was made up of merchants or craftspeople working in the same trade?
Guilds
What was the main church of a bishop's district called?
Cathedral
What series of religious wars were fought over control of sacred lands?
Crusades
Who provide loyalty and service in exchange for protection and land?
Vassal
Who conquered England in 1066?
William the Conqueror
What system of farming divided land into three fields and left one unused each year?
Three-field system
What is the expulsion of someone from the Christian Church called?
Excommunication
What major food crisis struck Europe before the Black Death?
Great Famine
What economic system centered around agricultural estates that were largely self-sufficient?
Manorialism
What document ordered by William the Conqueror recorded England's land, property, and resources?
Domesday Book
What is money or property used to invest in a business called?
Capital
What event in 1054 divided Christianity into the Roman Catholic and Eastern Orthodox Churches?
Great Schism of 1054
What long conflict between England and France lasted from 1337 to 1453?
Hundred Years' War
What was the territory ruled by a duke or duchess called?
Duchy
Who was crowned emperor in 962 and became closely associated with the Holy Roman Empire?
Otto the Great
What medieval method of learning attempted to combine Christian faith with reason and logic?
Scholasticism
What medieval theologian became famous for using reason and logic to explain Christian beliefs?
Thomas Aquinas
What crisis from 1378–1417 resulted in multiple men claiming to be the true pope?
Great Schism / Western Schism