Vocabulary
Matching pairs of chromosomes in a diploid cell are called what?
What are homologous chromosomes
RNA uses what nucleotide in place of thymine?
What is uracil
What is the purpose of mitosis?
What is for healing and/or replacing worn out cells
What is the purpose of meiosis?
What is for reproduction
What is the shape of a DNA molecule described as?
What is a twisted ladder
Codons code for about twenty different _____ that are used to build proteins.
What are amino acids
What RNA is produced during transcription?
What is mRNA
What happens during DNA replication?
What is copying DNA into two identical DNA molecules.
How many times does the cell divide in meiosis?
What is 2 times
Which RNA is responsible for carrying amino acids to the ribosome?
What is tRNA
The union of two haploid gametes forms a diploid cell called what?
What is a zygote
What is the process of converting RNA code into a protein?
What is translation
What phase does the cell spend most of its life?
What is interphase
What happens during metaphase?
What is the chromosomes line up in the middle
What are the stages of mitosis?
What is interphase, prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase, and cytokinesis
When two gametes join together, this is called what?
What is fertilization
What is the bonding together of amino acids in a growing chain?
What is protein synthesis
What happens during prophase?
What is the membrane disappears and the chromatin begins to coil up.
What happens during anaphase?
What is the sister chromatids divide into separate chromosomes.
Each nucleotide is made up of what three parts?
What is a sugar, a phosphate and a base
What is the process called when the cytoplasm is divided and two new cells are formed?
What is cytokinesis
What is the process called when working copies called mRNA are made from DNA?
What is transcription
What is it called when an organism uses mitosis for reproducing?
What is asexual reproduction
What reduces the 2n number of genes in the cell down to 1n?
What is meiosis
What happens during telophase in mitosis?
What is new chromosomes reach opposite ends and uncoil