Forces that Shape the Earth
This is a force that acts on rock to change its shape or volume
What is a stress?
Vibrations in the ground that result from the movement along faults, or breaks in Earth's lithosphere
What are earthquakes?
Definition of a volcano.
What is a weak spot in the Earth's crust where molten material, or magma, comes to the surface?
Shield, Cinder cone, composite, lava plateau, caldera
What are landforms created by lava and ash?
3 different types of stress
What is tension, compression and shearing?
3 types of faults
What are normal, strike-slip and reverse?
Pulling plates
What is diverging?
What are landforms created by magma?
2 types of strains
What is elastic and plastic?
The point beneath Earth's surface where rock under stress break's to cause an earthquake.
What is focus?
Pushing plates
What is converging?
This occurs when magma heats underground water
What is geothermal activity?
These landforms are created by compression
What are mountain ranges, ocean trenches and volcanic arcs?
Point on the surface directly above the focus
What is an epicenter?
string of islands created by volcanoes
What is an island arc?
2 things formed by geothermal activity
What are hot springs and geysers?
Mid-ocean ridges and continental rifts are created by this type of stress
What is tension?
3 types of seismic waves
What are Primary (P) waves, Secondary (S) waves, surface waves?
This is the difference between an explosive and a quiet eruption.
What is the amount of silica in the magma?
This can heat homes and make electricity
What is geothermal energy?