Greek Domination
By his death in 323 BCE, Alex the G conquered the majority of ___________.
(also as far east as India)
How long did this era of Jewish Independence last?
About 100 years / a century
The geographic center of Judiasm
JUDEA
The Romans got involved in Palestinian politics when...
The Sadducees and Pharisees asked them to help settle their conflicts.
The Jews maintained hope, awaiting...
The Messiah
What land area was the tense border between 2 Greek generals?
Palestine
Political factions spring up from this precipitating event at the beginning of Jewish independence:
The new High Priest was chosen by Greeks, violating Jewish tradition and law.
South of Judea, the members of this region were forced to accept Judaism
Idumea
Herod the Great
What lineage was the Messiah supposed to come from?
David's
Tolerance between the Greeks & Jews ended in 198 BCE when...
The Greeks started to heavily tax the Jews (on their own land!)
This political faction rejected the weak Jewish rulers, and therefore removed themselves from Jewish culture in order to maintain their religious tradition
The Essenes
The people of this region were considered both "long lost cousins" and enemies of the Jews of Judea, as they were not exiled and they had different traditions.
Samaria
Which ruler lead Palestine during Jesus's ministry?
Herod Antipas
By the time the Jews were living under Roman occupation, they imagined the Messiah would be a
Military-King Ruler, who could crush the Romans.
Greek rules & influence broke the Jewish people into two major factions:
1. The elite, who got along with the Greeks
2. The HASIDIM, who resented the Greeks
This political faction made of of the elite accommodated and got along with the High Priests, just as they had with the previous Greek rulers
The Sadducees
This region was largely gentile under Greek rule, and then forced to accept Judaism or were exiled. Due to their later entrance to Judaism, the Jews from here were considered 2nd class citizens.
Galilee
The Roman Procurator ruled over Judea, Samaria, and Idumea. In Jesus' time, this was
Pontius Pilate
A major difference in the view of the Messiah between Jews and Christians is
Jews did not think the Messiah would be the Son of God. Christians do see Christ as one with God.
The Jews fully regained independence from the Greeks in 142 BCE; this major even was the
Maccabean War or Maccabean Revolt
This political faction tried to bridge the gap between the two other groups - they stayed a part of Jewish culture, but refused to compromise their religious beliefs. They were influential with the common people.
The Pharisees
Jesus was from the city of _____ in the region of _____.
Nazareth
Galilee
Throughout Jesus' time many ______ rose up in hopes of driving out the Roman occupation.
Zealots
The Messiah the Christians believe in came from
Nazareth