Chapter 3 molecules of cells

Definitions

100

Organic

Molecules always containing carbon and hydrogen atoms

200

Refers to CO₂ and all molecules without carbon

Inorganic

300

Dipeptide

2 amino acids joined together

400

Inorganic

Carbon dioxide and all molecules without carbon

500

Polymers are broken apart

Hydrolysis

Polymers

100

Monomers join together into polymers through a reaction

Dehydration synthesis

200

Anabolic to

Exergonic to

Endergonic

Catabolic

300

What are the 4 main categories of macromolecules

lipids,proteins,carbohydrates,mucleic acid

400

Triglyceride

Three fatty acid+glycerol

500

What are polysaccharide

many monosaccharides joined together

Polymers

100

Another name for protein

types of polymers

monomers

# of different monomers

difference in monomers comes mainly from

Polypeptide

Many types

Amino acid

20

R-group

200

Another name for nucleic acid

types of polymers

monomers

# of different monomers

difference in monomers comes mainly from

DNA,RNA

nucleotide

4

Nitrogenous base and sugar

300

Another name for carbohydrate

types of polymers

monomers

# of different monomers

difference in monomers comes mainly from

polysaccharide

starch,glucose,cellulose,chitin

monosaccharide

20

# numbers of carbons

400

Another name for Lipid

types of polymers

monomers

# of different monomers

difference in monomers comes mainly from

Triglyceride,phospholipid,steroids,waxes

Lipids doesn't follow normal patterns

500

True or false:Do all polymers have the same structure

False

Examples

100

What are the primary, secondary, quanternary

Primary:the sequence of amino acids linked together in a protein

Secondary: Is a helix, or a pleated sheet

Quanternary: Multiple protein chains linked together

200

Starch,glycogen

Monosaccahrides

300

Account for more than 50% of the dry weight of most cells

Proteins

400

ATTAGCA

DNA sequence

500

Cellulose: found in the cell walls of plants

Polysaccharide

Random

100

What are two differences between Inorganic and organic

Inorganic: Non-living matter,Ionic bonding is common, associated with +/- ions,small molecules with few atoms

Organic: Always contains carbon and hydrogen, often very large,covalent bonding living organisms

200

Is this DNA or RNA

Interprets genetic code and performs protein synthesis

300

How does RNA differ from DNA

RNA

400

True or false: Carbohydrates like water

true

500

All nucleotides are made up of

1.phosphate group

2. 5 carbon sugar

3.Nitrogen base