Muscles
These muscles bend a joint, bringing bones closer together.
What are flexors?
This reflex involves the withdrawal of a body part after touching something hot.
What is the flexion withdrawal reflex?
The brain area that sends signals directly to alpha motor neurons for voluntary movement.
What is the motor cortex?
This disease results in tremors, rigidity, and sometimes the inability to move due to dopamine depletion.
What is Parkinson's disease?
The term for muscles that straighten a joint, increasing the angle between bones.
What are extensors?
The stretch reflex tested by tapping the knee with a small rubber hammer.
What is the knee jerk reflex?
These neurons are involved in finely tuned motor skills, like moving your hand or arm.
What are cortical neurons?
In this disease, uncontrolled jerking movements occur due to the loss of inhibitory neurons in the basal ganglia.
What is Huntington's disease?
This is the functional unit consisting of an alpha motor neuron and all the muscle fibers it controls.
What is a motor unit?
This reflex helps maintain balance when stepping on a sharp object.
What is the flexion crossed extension reflex?
These generators produce rhythmic patterns for walking and other locomotion.
What are central pattern generators?
This region is affected by long-term alcohol abuse, causing balance and coordination issues.
What is the cerebellum?
When motor neurons die, as in this disease, people lose their ability to move.
What is amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)?
The simultaneous activation and inactivation of multiple motor neurons during a reflex is known as this.
What is reciprocal inhibition?
A brain region crucial for coordinating and fine-tuning skilled movement.
What is the cerebellum?
The brain structure where dopamine-releasing neurons degenerate in Parkinson's disease.
What is the substantia nigra?