Properties of Matter
What is the term for properties like mass and volume that do not help identify a substance?
Noncharacteristic properties
According to the kinetic theory, the speed of particles depends on their _____________.
Temperature
What property of a liquid is a result of cohesion at the liquid's surface?
Surface Tension
According to Charles's Law, if the temperature of a gas decreases while pressure is held constant, what happens to its volume?
It decreases
Crushing, tearing, and breaking are all examples of what broad category of change that doesn't alter the type of matter?
Physical Change
If two objects have the same mass but different volumes, which one has the higher density?
The object with the smaller volume
What theoretically happens to particle motion at absolute zero?
The particles stop/are not in motion.
What is the name for the force of attraction between unlike particles, such as between a liquid and its container?
Adhesion
What is the specific term for the "amount of heat required to melt a certain amount of a particular substance"?
Heat of fusion
The formation of snow from water vapor is provided as an example of which phase change?
Sublimation
Mass is the amount of matter in an object. Weight is the measure of what force acting on that mass?
Gravity
Gases have ________________shape and ______________ volume.
Indefinite, indefinite.
What two factors cause the volume of a gas to vary?
Pressure and Temperature
What is the key difference between evaporation and boiling in terms of where the vaporization occurs?
Evaporation occurs at the surface, while boiling occurs throughout the liquid.
What is the specific chemical change defined as "the combination of a substance with oxygen"?
Oxidation
List 3 examples of characteristic properties.
1. Boiling Point
2. Melting Point
3. Density
Salt, sugar, and quartz are all examples of what type of solid?
Crystalline Solid
Viscosity
A gas has a volume of 5.0 L at a pressure of 1.0 atm. If the pressure increases to 2.0 atm, what will the new volume be?
2.5L
List 3 examples of useful products that we obtained from the knowledge of chemical change.
Medicines, nylon, perfume, soaps, and detergents... etc.
Calculate the following using the equation D = M/V. If the density iof a substance is equal to 15 kg/l, and its volume is 5l. What is the mass? (MAKE SURE YOU WRITE THE CORRECT UNIT OF MEASUREMENT!)
Mass = 3kg
What is the reason that forces engineers to place gaps in the pavement/roads?
Thermal Expansion
The ability of gases to spread out and mix is one of their four listed properties. What is this property called?
Diffusion
A sample of gas is trapped in a syringe with a movable piston. The initial volume is 30 mL at a pressure of 100 kPa. If the piston is pushed in until the volume is 10 mL (with no temperature change), what is the new pressure inside the syringe?
300 kPa
Write the equation for the combustion of CxHy compound.
CxHy + O2 --> CO2 + H2O