Apple
What are most abundant in the fingertips, as opposed to other parts of the body?
Sensory nerve fibers
The name for the protective layer of lipids and secretions on the surface of the skin
Acid mantle
Approximately how fast does hair grow?
6 inches per year
What causes transepidermal water loss?
Evaporation
What is the name of the outermost layer of the epidermis?
Stratum corneum
What is the result of the contraction of the arrector pili muscle?
Goose bumps
A characteristic of healthy skin would include the pH being slightly _________.
Acidic
Glycolipids found naturally in the skin are also called ________.
Ceramides
What are the glands that excrete perspiration, regulate body temperature, and detoxify the body?
Sudoriferous
What is produced in the stratum granulosum?
Keratin
Which nerves convey impulses from the brain or spinal cord to the muscles or glands?
Motor (efferent)
The name for the tubelike openings in the epidermis
Follicles
When do free radicals produce more free radicals?
While causing oxidation reactions
Where in the body are the coiled structures known as apocrine glands found?
Underarm and genital areas
Cone shaped elevations at the base of the follicle
Hair papillae
Which nerves react to heat, cold, pain, pressure, and touch?
Sensory (afferent)
Hardened keratinocytes are also referred to as _________.
Corneocytes
What hormone stimulates cells to reproduce and heal?
Epidermal growth factor (EGF)
What protein fiber is found in the dermis and gives skin its flexibility and firmness?
Elastin
How is B-keratin different from A-keratin?
It has lower moisture and fat than A-keratin.
If a person has a purple or bluish tone under their fingernails, then they likely have which condition?
Cyanosis
Scar tissue lacks these two accessory organs.
Hair and sweat glands
What is glycation?
The binding of a protein molecule to a glucose molecule
What are membranes of ridges and grooves that attach to the epidermis?
Dermal papillae
Which layer of the epidermis does mitosis occur?
Stratum germinativum