Basics
“an idea, a general mental formulation summarizing specific occurrences“
Concept
“...both variables are hypothesized to change together, or co-vary, in the same direction.”
Positive Hypotheses
“______ variables are discrete measures whose values represent named categories of classification.”
Nominal Variables
“about consistency; it is the expectation that there won’t be different findings each time the measurements are used, assuming that nothing has changed in what is being measured”
Reliability
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“Some concepts are specific... more complex, abstract, or difficult to define“
Constructs
“As one variable increases across the sample the other variable decreases.”
Negative or Inverse Hypotheses
“When there are two categories. In some statistical calculations, these two-category variables are called dummy variables.”
Dichotomous Variable
“ Act of testing and retesting to determine the reliability of a test measures or set of items.”
Test-Retest Reliability
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“concepts are called variables to signify the variation that might exist in the concept.“
Variables
“Assumes that no relationship exists between the variables.”
Null Hypotheses
“When the category values for a variable are in sequence.”
Ordinal Variable
“determines how consistently a concept or construct is being measured by comparing it to some equivalent measure or set of items either externally or internally.”
Parallel Form and Interitem Reliability
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“concepts that have only one fixed meaning“
Constants
“Untested statements that specify a relationship between two or more variables“
Hypothesis
“Measurements whose numbers are in order with equal size variable but have no absolute or fixed zero as a starting point.”
Interval Variable
“A way of statistically determining consistency is to look at internal stability by selecting a group of items developed to measure some construct and then comparing answers within this group.”
Split-half Reliability
****TRIPLE JEOPARDY****
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(L.A Band)
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“concepts have multiple categories or values to represent the variability of the concept“
Values
“The process of specifying the indicators of a concept. We are describing the operations or procedures it will take to assign values to the variables.”
Operationalization
“When there is an absolute zero “
Ratio Measure
“Ensuring the data collected is interpreted in consistent ways.”
Interrater Reliability
**DOUBLE JEOPARDY**
UA Budget cut was listed as ____ Less
(Within 5%)
What is 44.6% less