Vocab
Energy in transit from a warm substance to a cooler one
Heat
This is when hot and cold particles in a fluid mix and collide, causing slower, cooler molecules to gain energy and speed up
Heat transfer by convection
This is the process of transferring energy from one machine or person to another
Work
According to internal energy, atoms in any substance always have _____ energy
Kinetic. Even solids! The particles vibrate
State the law of conservation of energy AND the equation for Mass-Energy Equivalence
Energy can neither be created nor destroyed and changed in form. E=MC2
A state where 2 objects are at the same temperature and there is no heat flow between them
Thermal Equilibrium
Why is it incorrect to say that an object has heat in it?
Its particles are just moving faster
When work is performed, a _____ is applied to an object, and the object is moved a certain distance in the direction of the force. This process always results in _____ transfer
Force, energy
This is the sum of all the kinetic energies of the particles in a substance
Internal energy
Consider a glass of ice water sitting in the windowless room in a house. The temp in the room is 72 degrees. Describe how energy from the room finds its way into the ice cubes to melt them?
The kinetic energy from the warmer air vibrates the ice cube molecules
When energy is transferred from a warm object to a cooler one by infrared radiation, conduction, or convection
Heat Transfer
Distinguish between conduction and convection
Conduction: solids
Convection: liquids
A group of boys are pushing a car trying to get it to move. Is the car doing work on the boys or are the boys doing work on the car
Boys doing work on the car
Explain what is going on when a brick wall is in the sun? IN DETAIL
-Electromagnetic radiation from the sun. Hot air molecules hit the bricks and transfer kinetic energy to the brick atoms. Eventually the bricks heat the air around it. The atoms in the bricks "heat up" they actually just vibrate faster
When 2 objects are rubbing against each other, they get hot. What is this heat and where is it coming from?
Thermal energy. Comes from conversion of Kinetic energy and the particles moving faster
In E=MC2 what does each variable stand for?
E= energy
M= Mass
C= Speed of light
What are the 3 ways heat can transfer from one substance to another
Conduction, convection, and radiation
Work is the _____ process of transferring energy from one machine or person to another
Mechanical
You leave a closed can of soda out in the sun. Explain the internal energy. After sitting in the sun all day, explain how the soda can got hot?
The soda and the liquid have some kinetic energy. After being in the sun all day, the internal energy has increased and the particles are moving much faster
The internal energy of a substance can be increased in 2 ways
Heating or compressing the substance into a smaller volume
The Theory that heat and kinetic energy are different forms of the same thing (energy) and may be converted from one form to another
Mechanical equivalent of heat
Describe a pot of boiling water using each of these terms: Conduction, convection, radiation, kinetic energy, heat transfer, fluid
Radiation from the heat source, kinetic energy of the moving particles, fluid moving, conduction handle, convection fluid moving. Heat transfer from the faster particles
When work is being done, the force doing the work and the distance involved must point in the _____ direction. If they are at _____ angles, no work is done
same direction, right angles
What is the difference between internal energy and thermal energy
Thermal energy refers specifically to the portion of the internal energy that id due to heating. Internal energy is the sum.
Name AND describe 3 ways heat can transfer from one substance to another.
Conduction, convection, electromagnetic radiation