Plasma membrane
This structure forms the flexible outer boundary of the cell.
š What is the plasma membrane?
š What is the plasma membrane?
Movement of molecules from high to low concentration without energy.
What is diffusion?
This organelle produces most of the cellās ATP.
What are mitochondria?
The three stages of interphase are G1, S, and this stage.
What is G2?
A cell placed in a hypertonic solution will do this.
What is shrink (crenate)?
This structure makes up about 75% of the lipid bilayer.
What are phospholipids?
Water movement across a membrane toward higher solute concentration.
What is osmosis?
This organelle modifies, sorts, and packages proteins from the rough ER.
What is the Golgi apparatus?
DNA replication occurs during this phase of the cell cycle.
What is the S phase?
Increase in cell number is called this.
What is hyperplasia?
These proteins span the membrane and often function as channels or carriers.
What are integral (transmembrane) proteins?
Transport that uses ATP directly to move substances against their gradient.
What is primary active transport?
This organelle contains digestive enzymes and can cause autolysis if ruptured.
What are lysosomes?
The four stages of mitosis in order.
What are prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase?
Decrease in cell size due to reduced workload is called this.
What is atrophy?
This āsugar coatingā on the outer membrane helps the immune system recognize self vs. nonself.
What is the glycocalyx?
This pump moves 3 sodium ions out and 2 potassium ions in.
What is the sodium-potassium (Naāŗ/Kāŗ) pump?
This organelle detoxifies free radicals using oxidase and catalase.
What are peroxisomes?
Programmed cell death is called this.
What is apoptosis?
Breakdown and recycling of cellular components is called this.
What is autophagy?
Name the three types of cell junctions found between cells.
What are tight junctions, desmosomes, and gap junctions?
Transport process where Naāŗ moving down its gradient powers another substance up its gradient.
What is secondary active transport (cotransport)?
These nonmembranous structures are the site of protein synthesis.
What are ribosomes?
Shortening of these structures is associated with cell aging.
What are telomeres?
The smallest structural and functional unit of life.
What is the cell?