Southern Colonies: Help Wanted, Mosquitoes Included
Southern farmers grew tobacco, rice, and indigo to sell for a profit. What were these products called?
Cash crops.
Pilgrims and Puritans crossed the Atlantic to escape this kind of persecution
Religious persecution.
This religious group believed in equality and supported religious tolerance.
The Quakers.
These English trade laws controlled how the colonies could buy and sell goods.
The Navigation Acts.
Founded in 1636, this was the first college in the English colonies.
Harvard College.
John Smith improved Jamestown by building better housing and requiring colonists to do this to receive food.
work
Thomas Hooker left Massachusetts to establish Connecticut because he wanted this type of government.
A more democratic government that allowed more men to participate.
This founder wanted Pennsylvania to provide religious freedom and fair government.
William Penn.
Why did England pass the Navigation Acts?
To increase England’s wealth by controlling colonial trade and directing its benefits to England.
Maryland’s Toleration Act of 1649 offered religious protection to which group?
Christians who believed in the Trinity; it did not protect all religions.
High death rates caused labor shortages in Virginia, increasing the demand for these workers who signed contracts to work for several years.
Indentured Servants
With rocky soil and short growing seasons, New England relied heavily on these economic activities.
Trade, fishing, shipbuilding, and skilled crafts.
Enslaved people in the middle colonies performed more than farm labor. Name two other kinds of work they did.
Skilled trades, household work, dock work, or other urban labor.
Why did many colonial merchants dislike the Navigation Acts?
The laws limited which countries they could trade with and restricted how they shipped goods.
The Enlightenment encouraged people to use these tools to understand the world and improve government.
Reason, observation, and scientific thinking.
How did the arrival of more women help Virginia become a lasting colony?
More families formed, the population grew, and communities became more stable.
New England had plenty of timber and coastal harbors. Why did those resources make shipbuilding profitable?
Timber provided building materials, harbors provided places to build and launch ships, and fishing and trade created demand for ships.
How did English rule change conditions for enslaved Africans in former Dutch territory?
English rule imposed harsher restrictions and reduced opportunities to gain freedom.
What was the main territorial outcome of the French and Indian War? Answer: Britain gained Canada and French territory east of the Mississippi River, except New Orleans; France lost its mainland North American empire.
Britain gained Canada and French territory east of the Mississippi River, except New Orleans; France lost its mainland North American empire.
How did the Great Awakening help change colonists’ attitudes toward political authority?
It encouraged people to question traditional authority and contributed to demands for greater political equality.
James Oglethorpe envisioned Georgia as a fresh start for which people, and what two practices did he initially prohibit
Debtors and poor people; he initially prohibited slavery and the sale of rum.
Why did New England’s Puritans consider education especially important?
They wanted people to read the Bible for themselves.
Explain one way William Penn promoted fair government and two ways women supported the middle colonies’ economy.
Penn supported an elected assembly and religious tolerance; women managed farms or businesses, produced goods, and worked in trades or shops.
The Proclamation of 1763 restricted settlement west of the Appalachian Mountains. How did many colonists respond?
They ignored the restriction and continued settling west of the mountains.
One movement emphasized reason, while the other emphasized religious faith. How were the Enlightenment and Great Awakening similar?
Both encouraged people to question established authority and think more independently.