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Vocabulary
Please Explain That
What, How and Where?
#4
#5
100
What term refers to a globalized society in which goods, services, money and people cross international boundaries relatively freely and without barriers
globalization
100
Explain what a tariff is and why countries use them... what purpose do they serve?
A tariff is a tax placed on an imported good. The imported god them becomes more expensive to buy, and that good's domestic counterpart thus becomes less expensive and more attractive to domestic consumers in terms of a lower price. Countries apply tariffs to protect domestic industries from competition.
100
What happened to the number of materials that go into making sneakers as sneakers evolved from their original basic designs and uses?
The number of materials grew as the types of sneakers grew. They now use lots of different synthetic materials in addition to their original simple canvass and rubber designs.
100
What natural resources are used to make synthetic substitutes for natural rubber?
oil and coal
100
Name a major regional distribution center in the US where lots of railroad lines meet going to different parts of the country. Goods can be shipped by rail to 75% of the US in one day from this hub.
Memphis, TN
200
What does "economic interdependence" mean?
a condition in which countries have strong economic ties and they depend one another other for resources, technology, trade and investment
200
Give an example of economic interdependence between the US and China.
One example: Chinese workers make and export goods to the US where US consumers buy them. The money spent by the Americans goes back to China so the Chinese company can pay its workers and grow its business. The US consumer benefits by paying lower prices for the the Chinese product because Chinese wages are relatively low.
200
Name at least two materials that go into the upper part of sneakers today. Name where one of them comes from.
Uppers are now made of leather and cotton canvass, as well as synthetic nylon mesh. Cowhides for sneakers often come from the SW United States or from Venezuela. The cowhides are often sent to South Korea to be turned into prepared leather.
200
Name two countries that were originally major producers of sneakers prior to 1960?
US, Germany, England
200
Name one benefit of globalization for poor developing countries.
jobs, raises standard of living for workers, money coming in to the country allows the country to develop infrastructure and services (the country becomes more developed).
300
When a country lowers or eliminates tariffs on imported goods, it is said to be be permitting _________ _________.
free trade
300
Name any previous period of "globalization" and give the approximate centuries or decades when it took place.
Silk road - 0 to 1,000 Age of Exploration and Discovery - 1,400s to 1,700s Industrial Revolution - 1,700s to 1,800s Rise of Free Trade Agreements - 1,945 to 2,000s Internet - 1,970 to present
300
What natural resource is used to make many synthetic materials. Name two countries where that natural resource comes from.
oil from any oil producing nation such as Saudi Arabia, the US, Iran, Venezuela, Nigeria
300
Sneakers were originally manufactured in dveloped industrail countries prior to 1960. But in the 1970s and 1980s, that work moved primarily three asian countries. Name two out of the three that the book named.
Japan, South Korea, China.
300
Describe one way in which globalization can hurt developing countries.
children might be used as cheap labor, pollution, crowded urban slums spring up near the manufacturing zones and poor workers have to live near toxic waste
400
What term refers to an agreement whereby the purchaser of a product promises to pay a price that guarantees the producer an adequate standard of living if the producer promises to engage in sustainable production practices.
fair trade
400
When did sneakers first become popular? What was their basic early design.
In the 1800s as shoes for playing certain sports such as tennis, running and croquet. Later they became popular for playing basketball. They had a simple design: made of canvass with rubber soles, there were only a few companies that made them.
400
How are foam inner soles for sneakers made?
The chemicals for the foam are poured into molds and then baked. Baking forms bubbles in the material, and the tiny bubbles give the solid foam its cushiony feel.
400
Multinational companies are always looking to lower their labor costs, and in the 1990s shoe companies moved their sneaker manufacturing to three new countries named in the book. Name two of those countries.
China, Vietnam, Indonesia
400
Describe one benefit of globalization to developed countries.
Multinational companies can lower their production costs and make more profit for shareholders (pay lower wages, fewer environmental regulations to obey); consumers pay less for goods imported from developing countries; economic interdependence lessens the chances of international war among trading partners
500
Define "multinational corporation" and give an example of one.
a large company that operates in more than one country; various examples such as any car company, Starbucks, Pizza Hut, WalMart, Nike, Apple, others...
500
How have sneakers evolved since their simple design and few uses in the 1800s?
We now have many different types of sneakers for many specific uses (cross-training, distance running, walking, yard work, basketball, tennis, boating, socializing, rock climbing, hiking, orthopedic). Sneakers now come in many different styles and colors, and are often used as fashion statements.
500
Name two countries that produce natural rubber.
Tropical equatorial countries such as Malaysia, Thailand, Brazil and Indonesia.
500
What type of ships are used to transport manufactured goods?
container ships; the containers can be rolled onto the ship directly from trucks or trains, then rolled off directly to trucks or trains ("ro-ro" = roll on, roll off)
500
Describe one way in which globalization harms developed nations.
Jobs go overseas to cheaper labor markets; transboundary pollution affects the entire globe, not just the poor country where the pollution originated; globalization often contributes to the unequal distribution of wealth (the rich get richer, the poor get poorer); globalization encourages "loopholes" and "shelters" that deprive countries of income from their corporations and wealthy individuals.