Classical Liberalism
A 19th-century response to the excesses of capitalism.
What is socialism?
The term for why universal social programs are created within society.
What is to create egalitarianism/equality?
A term used to describe most factories in the 19th century.
What is a dark, satanic mill?
A safety net of government programs to assist in greater economic equality.
What are social services/social safety net/social programs?
This person is considered to be the father/founder of classical conservatism.
Who is Edmund Burke?
The position on a political spectrum that favours gradual reform.
What is moderate right-wing/conservatism/Classical liberalism?
A supporter of the ideals associated with enlightened socialism.
Who is Robert Owen?
Activists who openly advocated for violent social reform.
Who were Marx and Engels?
The type of socialism advocated by Karl Marx.
What is scientific socialism?
An ideology that classical conservatives of the 18th and 19th centuries would reject because of its violent tendencies towards government systems.
What is anarchy?
Understandings of Individualism include...
What are economic freedom, self-interest, private property, competition, individual rights, rule of law?
No child labour; 12-hour maximum work-days; minimum safety measures; livable working wage.
What are reforms implemented by a factory owner in the 19th century?
The exploitation of this group existed throughout most of the early and middle eras of the Industrial Revolution.
Who was the proletariat class?
A moderate shift left from classical liberalism.
What is modern liberalism?
Franklin Roosevelt's government involvement policy that sought to fix the US economy resulting from the classical conservative excesses of the Roaring Twenties.
What is the New Deal?
A 19th-century organization dedicated to political reform; and a group of perceived anarchists committed to destroying classical liberal progress.
Who were the Chartists and the Luddites?
Modern liberal government methods of closely regulating the fluctuations of the business cycle.
What are fiscal and monetary policies?
Supporters of absolute economic equality and equal distribution of wealth through total government control.
Who were/are communists?
Democratic socialist countries that generally support a cradle-to-grave economic system.
What is/are the Scandinavian countries [Sweden, Norway, Finland, Denmark, Iceland]
A term used to describe the monitoring of businesses and organizations by a country's government.
What is regulation and/or legislation?
The intervention of governments in the economy; the formation of powerful labour unions and the rise of a public education system.
What are the factors for the reforms resulting from unregulated capitalism?
A political reformer who fought big business and offered the American people a Square Deal.
Who was Theodore [Teddy], Roosevelt?
An 18th and 19th-century group that was losing political power to the trade unions, expansion of the franchise rights and the introduction of universal education.
Who were the bourgeoisie/capitalists?
Keynes economic theory that governments should play a role in the economy during times of inflation and/or recession.
What is demand-side economics?
The ideology that many Republicans in the US hold today, that promotes less government involvement in the economy.
What is Neo-conservativism?