History & Gear Ratios
Synchromesh Transmission
What describes the path in which power is transmitted through a series of components?
Power flow
What transmits power from the transmission to the final drive assembly on rear-wheel drive vehicles?
Drive Shaft
What ways can a transfer case be operated?
Mechanically and Electronically
What are flexible drive axles called?
Half Shafts
Both front-wheel drive and rear-wheel drive vehicles use what to power the wheels?
Drive Axles
In 1894, Louis Rene Panhard and Emile Levassor designed what?
Multi-Gear Manual Transmission
All of the following are found inside a manual transmission EXCEPT:
a. Shafts b. Chains c. Gears d. Bearings
b. Chains
What components hold the gears in proper position on the shaft once the gears are installed?
Snap Rings and Thrust Washers
What is the purpose of a gear synchronizer?
It applies a friction device between the gear and the shaft to match the gear speed to the shaft speed.
What term is used to describe the parallel grooves that mate with a component that has matching grooves?
Splines
The driveshaft uses __________ _________ which allow the drive shaft to change angles due to the movement of the suspension relative to the body.
Universal Joints or U-Joints
Who connected an engine to a transmission and created a live rear axle by using a metal axle shaft supported by bushings in 1898?
Louis Renault
Mechanical advantage can be used to generate a larger output force, but requires what?
Increase in input distance and speed.
What component allows the car to be started when the clutch pedal is depressed?
Clutch Safety Switch
The manual transmission receives power from the engine by way of what?
How are ratios expressed?
Ratios are normally expressed as the equivalent of the first number compared to 1.
A gear set in which the ________ gear has half as many teeth as the __________ gear has a 2:1 ratio.
Input, Output
Driven, Drive
Given a 4:1 mechanical advantage, if a person pushes the lever down with a force of 100lbs, the force the lever generate against the rock is how many pounds?
400lbs
True or False
The final drive assemble is incorporated in transmission construction and not transaxle construction.
False
What allows the axles on a car to turn at different speeds when the vehicle is cornering or turning?
Differentials
What system is the medium by which the driver can connect and disconnect the engine from the transmission resulting in the vehicle's forward and rearward movement.
The Clutch
Which term related to layouts where the transmission and the final drive are integrated into a common assembly and are usually used in front wheel drive vehicles?
Transaxle
What takes the power from the transmission and directs it to one or both axles depending on the mode selected?
Transfer Case
What gear ratio describes a drive gear with 15 teeth and a driven gear with 30 teeth?
2:1
Driven:Drive
30:15=2:1
What allows both rear wheels to supply power to the ground if one wheel is stuck in snow or ice and also allows the wheel with traction to drive the vehicle forward or backward?
Open Differential
In a manual transmission, what determines the path of the power flow from the countershaft to the output shaft?
Gears
Used for holding gears in the correct position on the shaft once the gears are installed, grooves may be cut into the shafts to accommodate what part?
Snap Rings
What assembly gives the final gear reduction to the drivetrain and powers the drive wheels through axles.
The Final Drive Assembly
What component allows the wheels to freely rotate and does not drive the wheels?
Dead Axle